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|
# Random Weird Things
> Published at 2024-07-05T10:59:59+03:00
Every so often, I come across random, weird, and unexpected things on the internet. I thought it would be neat to share them here from time to time. As a start, here are ten of them.
```
/\_/\
WHOA!! ( o.o )
> ^ <
/ - \
/ \
/______\ \
```
## Table of Contents
* [⇢ Random Weird Things](#random-weird-things)
* [⇢ ⇢ 1. `bad.horse` traceroute](#1-badhorse-traceroute)
* [⇢ ⇢ 2. ASCII cinema](#2-ascii-cinema)
* [⇢ ⇢ 3. Netflix's Hello World application](#3-netflix-s-hello-world-application)
* [⇢ ⇢ C programming](#c-programming)
* [⇢ ⇢ ⇢ 4. Indexing an array](#4-indexing-an-array)
* [⇢ ⇢ ⇢ 5. Variables with prefix `$`](#5-variables-with-prefix-)
* [⇢ ⇢ 6. Object oriented shell scripts using `ksh`](#6-object-oriented-shell-scripts-using-ksh)
* [⇢ ⇢ 7. This works in Go](#7-this-works-in-go)
* [⇢ ⇢ 8. "I am a Teapot" HTTP response code](#8-i-am-a-teapot-http-response-code)
* [⇢ ⇢ 9. `jq` is a functional programming language](#9-jq-is-a-functional-programming-language)
* [⇢ ⇢ 10. Regular expression to verify email addresses](#10-regular-expression-to-verify-email-addresses)
## 1. `bad.horse` traceroute
Run traceroute to get the poem (or song).
```bash
% traceroute bad.horse
traceroute to bad.horse (162.252.205.157), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets
1 dsldevice.lan (192.168.1.1) 5.712 ms 5.800 ms 6.466 ms
2 87-243-116-2.ip.btc-net.bg (87.243.116.2) 8.017 ms 7.506 ms 8.432 ms
3 * * *
4 * * *
5 xe-1-2-0.mpr1.fra4.de.above.net (80.81.194.26) 39.952 ms 40.155 ms 40.139 ms
6 ae12.cs1.fra6.de.eth.zayo.com (64.125.26.172) 128.014 ms * *
7 * * *
8 * * *
9 ae10.cs1.lhr15.uk.eth.zayo.com (64.125.29.17) 120.625 ms 121.117 ms 121.050 ms
10 * * *
11 * * *
12 * * *
13 ae5.mpr1.tor3.ca.zip.zayo.com (64.125.23.118) 192.605 ms 205.741 ms 203.607 ms
14 64.124.217.237.IDIA-265104-ZYO.zip.zayo.com (64.124.217.237) 204.673 ms 134.674 ms 131.442 ms
15 * * *
16 67.223.96.90 (67.223.96.90) 128.245 ms 127.844 ms 127.843 ms
17 bad.horse (162.252.205.130) 128.194 ms 122.854 ms 121.786 ms
18 bad.horse (162.252.205.131) 128.831 ms 128.341 ms 186.559 ms
19 bad.horse (162.252.205.132) 185.716 ms 180.121 ms 180.042 ms
20 bad.horse (162.252.205.133) 203.170 ms 203.076 ms 203.168 ms
21 he.rides.across.the.nation (162.252.205.134) 203.115 ms 141.830 ms 141.799 ms
22 the.thoroughbred.of.sin (162.252.205.135) 147.965 ms 148.230 ms 170.478 ms
23 he.got.the.application (162.252.205.136) 165.161 ms 164.939 ms 159.085 ms
24 that.you.just.sent.in (162.252.205.137) 162.310 ms 158.569 ms 158.896 ms
25 it.needs.evaluation (162.252.205.138) 162.927 ms 163.046 ms 163.085 ms
26 so.let.the.games.begin (162.252.205.139) 233.363 ms 233.545 ms 233.317 ms
27 a.heinous.crime (162.252.205.140) 237.745 ms 233.614 ms 233.740 ms
28 a.show.of.force (162.252.205.141) 237.974 ms 176.085 ms 175.927 ms
29 a.murder.would.be.nice.of.course (162.252.205.142) 181.838 ms 181.858 ms 182.059 ms
30 bad.horse (162.252.205.143) 187.731 ms 187.416 ms 187.532 ms
```
## 2. ASCII cinema
Fancy watching Star Wars Episode IV in ASCII? Head to the ASCII cinema:
[https://asciinema.org/a/569727](https://asciinema.org/a/569727)
## 3. Netflix's Hello World application
Netflix has got the Hello World application run in production 😱
* https://www.Netflix.com/helloworld
> By the time this is posted, it seems that Netflix has taken it offline... I should have created a screenshot!
## C programming
### 4. Indexing an array
In C, you can index an array like this: `array[i]` (not surprising). But this works as well and is valid C code: `i[array]`, 🤯 It's because after the spec `A[B]` is equivalent to `*(A + B)` and the ordering doesn't matter for the `+` operator. All 3 loops are producing the same output. Would be funny to use `i[array]` in a merge request of some code base on April Fool's day!
```c
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void) {
int array[5] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
printf("%d\n", array[i]);
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
printf("%d\n", i[array]);
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
printf("%d\n", *(i + array));
}
```
### 5. Variables with prefix `$`
In C you can prefix variables with `$`! E.g. the following is valid C code 🫠:
```c
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void) {
int $array[5] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
for (int $i = 0; $i < 5; $i++)
printf("%d\n", $array[$i]);
for (int $i = 0; $i < 5; $i++)
printf("%d\n", $i[$array]);
for (int $i = 0; $i < 5; $i++)
printf("%d\n", *($i + $array));
}
```
## 6. Object oriented shell scripts using `ksh`
Experienced software developers are aware that scripting languages like Python, Perl, Ruby, and JavaScript support object-oriented programming (OOP) concepts such as classes and inheritance. However, many might be surprised to learn that the latest version of the Korn shell (Version 93t+) also supports OOP. In ksh93, OOP is implemented using user-defined types:
```ksh
#!/usr/bin/ksh93
typeset -T Point_t=(
integer -h 'x coordinate' x=0
integer -h 'y coordinate' y=0
typeset -h 'point color' color="red"
function getcolor {
print -r ${_.color}
}
function setcolor {
_.color=$1
}
setxy() {
_.x=$1; _.y=$2
}
getxy() {
print -r "(${_.x},${_.y})"
}
)
Point_t point
echo "Initial coordinates are (${point.x},${point.y}). Color is ${point.color}"
point.setxy 5 6
point.setcolor blue
echo "New coordinates are ${point.getxy}. Color is ${point.getcolor}"
exit 0
```
[Using types to create object oriented Korn shell 93 scripts](https://blog.fpmurphy.com/2010/05/ksh93-using-types-to-create-object-orientated-scripts.html)
## 7. This works in Go
There is no pointer arithmetic in Go like in C, but it is still possible to do some brain teasers with pointers 😧:
```go
package main
import "fmt"
func main() {
var i int
f := func() *int {
return &i
}
*f()++
fmt.Println(i)
}
```
[Go playground](https://go.dev/play/p/sPRdyDvXefK?__s=mk8u899owb9yurl256gw)
## 8. "I am a Teapot" HTTP response code
Defined in 1998 as one of the IETF's traditional April Fools' jokes (RFC 2324), the Hyper Text Coffee Pot Control Protocol specifies an HTTP status code that is not intended for actual HTTP server implementation. According to the RFC, this code should be returned by teapots when asked to brew coffee. This status code also serves as an Easter egg on some websites, such as Google.com's "I'm a teapot" feature. Occasionally, it is used to respond to a blocked request, even though the more appropriate response would be the 403 Forbidden status code.
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#418](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes#418)
## 9. `jq` is a functional programming language
Many know of `jq`, the handy small tool and swiss army knife for JSON parsing.
[https://github.com/jqlang/jq](https://github.com/jqlang/jq)
What many don't know that `jq` is actually a full blown functional programming language `jqlang`, have a look at the language description:
[https://github.com/jqlang/jq/wiki/jq-Language-Description](https://github.com/jqlang/jq/wiki/jq-Language-Description)
As a matter of fact, the language is so powerful, that there exists an implementation of `jq` in `jq` itself:
[https://github.com/wader/jqjq](https://github.com/wader/jqjq)
Here some snipped from `jqjq`, to get a feel of `jqlang`:
```
def _token:
def _re($re; f):
( . as {$remain, $string_stack}
| $remain
| match($re; "m").string
| f as $token
| { result: ($token | del(.string_stack))
, remain: $remain[length:]
, string_stack:
( if $token.string_stack == null then $string_stack
else $token.string_stack
end
)
}
);
if .remain == "" then empty
else
( . as {$string_stack}
| _re("^\\s+"; {whitespace: .})
// _re("^#[^\n]*"; {comment: .})
// _re("^\\.[_a-zA-Z][_a-zA-Z0-9]*"; {index: .[1:]})
// _re("^[_a-zA-Z][_a-zA-Z0-9]*"; {ident: .})
// _re("^@[_a-zA-Z][_a-zA-Z0-9]*"; {at_ident: .})
// _re("^\\$[_a-zA-Z][_a-zA-Z0-9]*"; {binding: .})
# 1.23, .123, 123e2, 1.23e2, 123E2, 1.23e+2, 1.23E-2 or 123
// _re("^(?:[0-9]*\\.[0-9]+|[0-9]+)(?:[eE][-\\+]?[0-9]+)?"; {number: .})
// _re("^\"(?:[^\"\\\\]|\\\\.)*?\\\\\\(";
( .[1:-2]
| _unescape
| {string_start: ., string_stack: ($string_stack+["\\("])}
)
)
.
.
.
```
## 10. Regular expression to verify email addresses
This is a pretty old meme, but still worth posting here (as some may be unaware). The RFC822 Perl regex to validate email addresses is 😱:
```
(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*(?:(?:(?:[^()<>@,;:\\".\[\] \000-\031]+(?:(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t]
)+|\Z|(?=[\["()<>@,;:\\".\[\]]))|"(?:[^\"\r\\]|\\.|(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t]))*"(?:(?:
\r\n)?[ \t])*)(?:\.(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*(?:[^()<>@,;:\\".\[\] \000-\031]+(?:(?:(
?:\r\n)?[ \t])+|\Z|(?=[\["()<>@,;:\\".\[\]]))|"(?:[^\"\r\\]|\\.|(?:(?:\r\n)?[
\t]))*"(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*))*@(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*(?:[^()<>@,;:\\".\[\] \000-\0
31]+(?:(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])+|\Z|(?=[\["()<>@,;:\\".\[\]]))|\[([^\[\]\r\\]|\\.)*\
>(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*)(?:\.(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*(?:[^()<>@,;:\\".\[\] \000-\031]+
(?:(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])+|\Z|(?=[\["()<>@,;:\\".\[\]]))|\[([^\[\]\r\\]|\\.)*\](?:
(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*))*|(?:[^()<>@,;:\\".\[\] \000-\031]+(?:(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])+|\Z
|(?=[\["()<>@,;:\\".\[\]]))|"(?:[^\"\r\\]|\\.|(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t]))*"(?:(?:\r\n)
?[ \t])*)*\<(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*(?:@(?:[^()<>@,;:\\".\[\] \000-\031]+(?:(?:(?:\
r\n)?[ \t])+|\Z|(?=[\["()<>@,;:\\".\[\]]))|\[([^\[\]\r\\]|\\.)*\](?:(?:\r\n)?[
\t])*)(?:\.(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*(?:[^()<>@,;:\\".\[\] \000-\031]+(?:(?:(?:\r\n)
?[ \t])+|\Z|(?=[\["()<>@,;:\\".\[\]]))|\[([^\[\]\r\\]|\\.)*\](?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t]
)*))*(?:,@(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*(?:[^()<>@,;:\\".\[\] \000-\031]+(?:(?:(?:\r\n)?[
\t])+|\Z|(?=[\["()<>@,;:\\".\[\]]))|\[([^\[\]\r\\]|\\.)*\](?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*
)(?:\.(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*(?:[^()<>@,;:\\".\[\] \000-\031]+(?:(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t]
)+|\Z|(?=[\["()<>@,;:\\".\[\]]))|\[([^\[\]\r\\]|\\.)*\](?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*))*)
*:(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*)?(?:[^()<>@,;:\\".\[\] \000-\031]+(?:(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])+
|\Z|(?=[\["()<>@,;:\\".\[\]]))|"(?:[^\"\r\\]|\\.|(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t]))*"(?:(?:\r
\n)?[ \t])*)(?:\.(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*(?:[^()<>@,;:\\".\[\] \000-\031]+(?:(?:(?:
\r\n)?[ \t])+|\Z|(?=[\["()<>@,;:\\".\[\]]))|"(?:[^\"\r\\]|\\.|(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t
>))*"(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*))*@(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*(?:[^()<>@,;:\\".\[\] \000-\031
>+(?:(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])+|\Z|(?=[\["()<>@,;:\\".\[\]]))|\[([^\[\]\r\\]|\\.)*\](
?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*)(?:\.(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*(?:[^()<>@,;:\\".\[\] \000-\031]+(?
:(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])+|\Z|(?=[\["()<>@,;:\\".\[\]]))|\[([^\[\]\r\\]|\\.)*\](?:(?
:\r\n)?[ \t])*))*\>(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*)|(?:[^()<>@,;:\\".\[\] \000-\031]+(?:(?
:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])+|\Z|(?=[\["()<>@,;:\\".\[\]]))|"(?:[^\"\r\\]|\\.|(?:(?:\r\n)?
[ \t]))*"(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*)*:(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*(?:(?:(?:[^()<>@,;:\\".\[\]
\000-\031]+(?:(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])+|\Z|(?=[\["()<>@,;:\\".\[\]]))|"(?:[^\"\r\\]|
\\.|(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t]))*"(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*)(?:\.(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*(?:[^()<>
@,;:\\".\[\] \000-\031]+(?:(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])+|\Z|(?=[\["()<>@,;:\\".\[\]]))|"
(?:[^\"\r\\]|\\.|(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t]))*"(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*))*@(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t]
)*(?:[^()<>@,;:\\".\[\] \000-\031]+(?:(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])+|\Z|(?=[\["()<>@,;:\\
".\[\]]))|\[([^\[\]\r\\]|\\.)*\](?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*)(?:\.(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*(?
:[^()<>@,;:\\".\[\] \000-\031]+(?:(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])+|\Z|(?=[\["()<>@,;:\\".\[
\]]))|\[([^\[\]\r\\]|\\.)*\](?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*))*|(?:[^()<>@,;:\\".\[\] \000-
\031]+(?:(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])+|\Z|(?=[\["()<>@,;:\\".\[\]]))|"(?:[^\"\r\\]|\\.|(
?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t]))*"(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*)*\<(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*(?:@(?:[^()<>@,;
:\\".\[\] \000-\031]+(?:(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])+|\Z|(?=[\["()<>@,;:\\".\[\]]))|\[([
^\[\]\r\\]|\\.)*\](?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*)(?:\.(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*(?:[^()<>@,;:\\"
.\[\] \000-\031]+(?:(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])+|\Z|(?=[\["()<>@,;:\\".\[\]]))|\[([^\[\
>\r\\]|\\.)*\](?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*))*(?:,@(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*(?:[^()<>@,;:\\".\
[\] \000-\031]+(?:(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])+|\Z|(?=[\["()<>@,;:\\".\[\]]))|\[([^\[\]\
r\\]|\\.)*\](?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*)(?:\.(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*(?:[^()<>@,;:\\".\[\]
\000-\031]+(?:(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])+|\Z|(?=[\["()<>@,;:\\".\[\]]))|\[([^\[\]\r\\]
|\\.)*\](?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*))*)*:(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*)?(?:[^()<>@,;:\\".\[\] \0
00-\031]+(?:(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])+|\Z|(?=[\["()<>@,;:\\".\[\]]))|"(?:[^\"\r\\]|\\
.|(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t]))*"(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*)(?:\.(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*(?:[^()<>@,
;:\\".\[\] \000-\031]+(?:(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])+|\Z|(?=[\["()<>@,;:\\".\[\]]))|"(?
:[^\"\r\\]|\\.|(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t]))*"(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*))*@(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*
(?:[^()<>@,;:\\".\[\] \000-\031]+(?:(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])+|\Z|(?=[\["()<>@,;:\\".
\[\]]))|\[([^\[\]\r\\]|\\.)*\](?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*)(?:\.(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*(?:[
^()<>@,;:\\".\[\] \000-\031]+(?:(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])+|\Z|(?=[\["()<>@,;:\\".\[\]
>))|\[([^\[\]\r\\]|\\.)*\](?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*))*\>(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*)(?:,\s*(
?:(?:[^()<>@,;:\\".\[\] \000-\031]+(?:(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])+|\Z|(?=[\["()<>@,;:\\
".\[\]]))|"(?:[^\"\r\\]|\\.|(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t]))*"(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*)(?:\.(?:(
?:\r\n)?[ \t])*(?:[^()<>@,;:\\".\[\] \000-\031]+(?:(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])+|\Z|(?=[
\["()<>@,;:\\".\[\]]))|"(?:[^\"\r\\]|\\.|(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t]))*"(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t
>)*))*@(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*(?:[^()<>@,;:\\".\[\] \000-\031]+(?:(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t
>)+|\Z|(?=[\["()<>@,;:\\".\[\]]))|\[([^\[\]\r\\]|\\.)*\](?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*)(?
:\.(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*(?:[^()<>@,;:\\".\[\] \000-\031]+(?:(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])+|
\Z|(?=[\["()<>@,;:\\".\[\]]))|\[([^\[\]\r\\]|\\.)*\](?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*))*|(?:
[^()<>@,;:\\".\[\] \000-\031]+(?:(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])+|\Z|(?=[\["()<>@,;:\\".\[\
>]))|"(?:[^\"\r\\]|\\.|(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t]))*"(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*)*\<(?:(?:\r\n)
?[ \t])*(?:@(?:[^()<>@,;:\\".\[\] \000-\031]+(?:(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])+|\Z|(?=[\["
()<>@,;:\\".\[\]]))|\[([^\[\]\r\\]|\\.)*\](?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*)(?:\.(?:(?:\r\n)
?[ \t])*(?:[^()<>@,;:\\".\[\] \000-\031]+(?:(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])+|\Z|(?=[\["()<>
@,;:\\".\[\]]))|\[([^\[\]\r\\]|\\.)*\](?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*))*(?:,@(?:(?:\r\n)?[
\t])*(?:[^()<>@,;:\\".\[\] \000-\031]+(?:(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])+|\Z|(?=[\["()<>@,
;:\\".\[\]]))|\[([^\[\]\r\\]|\\.)*\](?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*)(?:\.(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t]
)*(?:[^()<>@,;:\\".\[\] \000-\031]+(?:(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])+|\Z|(?=[\["()<>@,;:\\
".\[\]]))|\[([^\[\]\r\\]|\\.)*\](?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*))*)*:(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*)?
(?:[^()<>@,;:\\".\[\] \000-\031]+(?:(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])+|\Z|(?=[\["()<>@,;:\\".
\[\]]))|"(?:[^\"\r\\]|\\.|(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t]))*"(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*)(?:\.(?:(?:
\r\n)?[ \t])*(?:[^()<>@,;:\\".\[\] \000-\031]+(?:(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])+|\Z|(?=[\[
"()<>@,;:\\".\[\]]))|"(?:[^\"\r\\]|\\.|(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t]))*"(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])
*))*@(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*(?:[^()<>@,;:\\".\[\] \000-\031]+(?:(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])
+|\Z|(?=[\["()<>@,;:\\".\[\]]))|\[([^\[\]\r\\]|\\.)*\](?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*)(?:\
.(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*(?:[^()<>@,;:\\".\[\] \000-\031]+(?:(?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])+|\Z
|(?=[\["()<>@,;:\\".\[\]]))|\[([^\[\]\r\\]|\\.)*\](?:(?:\r\n)?[ \t])*))*\>(?:(
?:\r\n)?[ \t])*))*)?;\s*)
```
[https://pdw.ex-parrot.com/Mail-RFC822-Address.html](https://pdw.ex-parrot.com/Mail-RFC822-Address.html)
I hope you had some fun. E-Mail your comments to `paul@nospam.buetow.org` :-)
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