From 48b655d70899a9e91a401ee8d34912fcfca5cedc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Paul Buetow Date: Sun, 22 Jun 2025 23:04:03 +0300 Subject: Update content for gemtext --- gemfeed/atom.xml | 2964 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------------------------- 1 file changed, 1482 insertions(+), 1482 deletions(-) (limited to 'gemfeed') diff --git a/gemfeed/atom.xml b/gemfeed/atom.xml index f8ba70f4..f1d42901 100644 --- a/gemfeed/atom.xml +++ b/gemfeed/atom.xml @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ - 2025-06-22T22:34:04+03:00 + 2025-06-22T23:02:51+03:00 foo.zone feed To be in the .zone! @@ -390,14 +390,14 @@ by Lorenzo Bettini http://www.lorenzobettini.it http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite --> -
paul@f0:~ % doas freebsd-update fetch
-paul@f0:~ % doas freebsd-update install
-paul@f0:~ % doas shutdown -r now
-..
-..
-paul@f0:~ % doas pkg update
-paul@f0:~ % doas pkg upgrade
-paul@f0:~ % reboot
+
paul@f0:~ % doas freebsd-update fetch
+paul@f0:~ % doas freebsd-update install
+paul@f0:~ % doas shutdown -r now
+..
+..
+paul@f0:~ % doas pkg update
+paul@f0:~ % doas pkg upgrade
+paul@f0:~ % reboot
 

 

 Next, we install wireguard-tools and configure the WireGuard service:

@@ -406,19 +406,19 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
paul@f0:~ % doas pkg install wireguard-tools
-paul@f0:~ % doas sysrc wireguard_interfaces=wg0
-wireguard_interfaces:  -> wg0
-paul@f0:~ % doas sysrc wireguard_enable=YES
-wireguard_enable:  -> YES
-paul@f0:~ % doas mkdir -p /usr/local/etc/wireguard
-paul@f0:~ % doas touch /usr/local/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
-paul@f0:~ % doas service wireguard start
-paul@f0:~ % doas wg show
-interface: wg0
-  public key: L+V9o0fNYkMVKNqsX7spBzD/9oSvxM/C7ZCZX1jLO3Q=
-  private key: (hidden)
-  listening port: 20246
+
paul@f0:~ % doas pkg install wireguard-tools
+paul@f0:~ % doas sysrc wireguard_interfaces=wg0
+wireguard_interfaces:  -> wg0
+paul@f0:~ % doas sysrc wireguard_enable=YES
+wireguard_enable:  -> YES
+paul@f0:~ % doas mkdir -p /usr/local/etc/wireguard
+paul@f0:~ % doas touch /usr/local/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
+paul@f0:~ % doas service wireguard start
+paul@f0:~ % doas wg show
+interface: wg0
+  public key: L+V9o0fNYkMVKNqsX7spBzD/9oSvxM/C7ZCZX1jLO3Q=
+  private key: (hidden)
+  listening port: 20246
 

 

 We now have the WireGuard up and running, but it is not yet in any functional configuration. We will come back to that later.

@@ -429,23 +429,23 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
paul@f0:~ % cat <<END | doas tee -a /etc/hosts
+
paul@f0:~ % cat <<END | doas tee -a /etc/hosts
 
-192.168.1.120 r0 r0.lan r0.lan.buetow.org
-192.168.1.121 r1 r1.lan r1.lan.buetow.org
-192.168.1.122 r2 r2.lan r2.lan.buetow.org
+192.168.1.120 r0 r0.lan r0.lan.buetow.org
+192.168.1.121 r1 r1.lan r1.lan.buetow.org
+192.168.1.122 r2 r2.lan r2.lan.buetow.org
 
-192.168.2.130 f0.wg0 f0.wg0.wan.buetow.org
-192.168.2.131 f1.wg0 f1.wg0.wan.buetow.org
-192.168.2.132 f2.wg0 f2.wg0.wan.buetow.org
+192.168.2.130 f0.wg0 f0.wg0.wan.buetow.org
+192.168.2.131 f1.wg0 f1.wg0.wan.buetow.org
+192.168.2.132 f2.wg0 f2.wg0.wan.buetow.org
 
-192.168.2.120 r0.wg0 r0.wg0.wan.buetow.org
-192.168.2.121 r1.wg0 r1.wg0.wan.buetow.org
-192.168.2.122 r2.wg0 r2.wg0.wan.buetow.org
+192.168.2.120 r0.wg0 r0.wg0.wan.buetow.org
+192.168.2.121 r1.wg0 r1.wg0.wan.buetow.org
+192.168.2.122 r2.wg0 r2.wg0.wan.buetow.org
 
-192.168.2.110 blowfish.wg0 blowfish.wg0.wan.buetow.org
-192.168.2.111 fishfinger.wg0 fishfinger.wg0.wan.buetow.org
-END
+192.168.2.110 blowfish.wg0 blowfish.wg0.wan.buetow.org
+192.168.2.111 fishfinger.wg0 fishfinger.wg0.wan.buetow.org
+END
 

 

 As you can see, 192.168.1.0/24 is the network used in my LAN (with the fN and rN hosts) and 192.168.2.0/24 is the network used for the WireGuard mesh network. The wg0 interface will be used for all WireGuard traffic.

@@ -458,8 +458,8 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
[root@r0 ~] dnf update -y
-[root@r0 ~] reboot
+
[root@r0 ~] dnf update -y
+[root@r0 ~] reboot
 

 

 Next, we prepare WireGuard on them. Same as on the FreeBSD hosts, we will only prepare WireGuard without any useful configuration yet:

@@ -468,12 +468,12 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
[root@r0 ~] dnf install -y wireguard-tools
-[root@r0 ~] mkdir -p /etc/wireguard
-[root@r0 ~] touch /etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
-[root@r0 ~] systemctl enable wg-quick@wg0.service
-[root@r0 ~] systemctl start wg-quick@wg0.service
-[root@r0 ~] systemctl disable firewalld
+
[root@r0 ~] dnf install -y wireguard-tools
+[root@r0 ~] mkdir -p /etc/wireguard
+[root@r0 ~] touch /etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
+[root@r0 ~] systemctl enable wg-quick@wg0.service
+[root@r0 ~] systemctl start wg-quick@wg0.service
+[root@r0 ~] systemctl disable firewalld
 

 

 We also update the hosts file accordingly:

@@ -482,23 +482,23 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
[root@r0 ~] cat <<END >>/etc/hosts
+
[root@r0 ~] cat <<END >>/etc/hosts
 
-192.168.1.130 f0 f0.lan f0.lan.buetow.org
-192.168.1.131 f1 f1.lan f1.lan.buetow.org
-192.168.1.132 f2 f2.lan f2.lan.buetow.org
+192.168.1.130 f0 f0.lan f0.lan.buetow.org
+192.168.1.131 f1 f1.lan f1.lan.buetow.org
+192.168.1.132 f2 f2.lan f2.lan.buetow.org
 
-192.168.2.130 f0.wg0 f0.wg0.wan.buetow.org
-192.168.2.131 f1.wg0 f1.wg0.wan.buetow.org
-192.168.2.132 f2.wg0 f2.wg0.wan.buetow.org
+192.168.2.130 f0.wg0 f0.wg0.wan.buetow.org
+192.168.2.131 f1.wg0 f1.wg0.wan.buetow.org
+192.168.2.132 f2.wg0 f2.wg0.wan.buetow.org
 
-192.168.2.120 r0.wg0 r0.wg0.wan.buetow.org
-192.168.2.121 r1.wg0 r1.wg0.wan.buetow.org
-192.168.2.122 r2.wg0 r2.wg0.wan.buetow.org
+192.168.2.120 r0.wg0 r0.wg0.wan.buetow.org
+192.168.2.121 r1.wg0 r1.wg0.wan.buetow.org
+192.168.2.122 r2.wg0 r2.wg0.wan.buetow.org
 
-192.168.2.110 blowfish.wg0 blowfish.wg0.wan.buetow.org
-192.168.2.111 fishfinger.wg0 fishfinger.wg0.wan.buetow.org
-END
+192.168.2.110 blowfish.wg0 blowfish.wg0.wan.buetow.org
+192.168.2.111 fishfinger.wg0 fishfinger.wg0.wan.buetow.org
+END
 

 

 Unfortunately, the SELinux policy on Rocky Linux blocks WireGuard's operation. By making the wireguard_t domain permissive using semanage permissive -a wireguard_t, SELinux will no longer enforce restrictions for WireGuard, allowing it to work as intended:

@@ -507,9 +507,9 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
[root@r0 ~] dnf install -y policycoreutils-python-utils
-[root@r0 ~] semanage permissive -a wireguard_t
-[root@r0 ~] reboot
+
[root@r0 ~] dnf install -y policycoreutils-python-utils
+[root@r0 ~] semanage permissive -a wireguard_t
+[root@r0 ~] reboot
 

 

 https://github.com/angristan/wireguard-install/discussions/499

@@ -522,14 +522,14 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
blowfish$ doas pkg_add wireguard-tools
-blowfish$ doas mkdir /etc/wireguard
-blowfish$ doas touch /etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
-blowsish$ cat <<END | doas tee /etc/hostname.wg0
-inet 192.168.2.110 255.255.255.0 NONE
-up
-!/usr/local/bin/wg setconf wg0 /etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
-END
+
blowfish$ doas pkg_add wireguard-tools
+blowfish$ doas mkdir /etc/wireguard
+blowfish$ doas touch /etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
+blowsish$ cat <<END | doas tee /etc/hostname.wg0
+inet 192.168.2.110 255.255.255.0 NONE
+up
+!/usr/local/bin/wg setconf wg0 /etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
+END
 

 

 Note that on blowfish, we configure 192.168.2.110 here in the hostname.wg, and on fishfinger, we configure 192.168.2.111. Those are the IP addresses of the WireGuard interfaces on those hosts.

@@ -540,19 +540,19 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
blowfish$ cat <<END | doas tee -a /etc/hosts
+
blowfish$ cat <<END | doas tee -a /etc/hosts
 
-192.168.2.130 f0.wg0 f0.wg0.wan.buetow.org
-192.168.2.131 f1.wg0 f1.wg0.wan.buetow.org
-192.168.2.132 f2.wg0 f2.wg0.wan.buetow.org
+192.168.2.130 f0.wg0 f0.wg0.wan.buetow.org
+192.168.2.131 f1.wg0 f1.wg0.wan.buetow.org
+192.168.2.132 f2.wg0 f2.wg0.wan.buetow.org
 
-192.168.2.120 r0.wg0 r0.wg0.wan.buetow.org
-192.168.2.121 r1.wg0 r1.wg0.wan.buetow.org
-192.168.2.122 r2.wg0 r2.wg0.wan.buetow.org
+192.168.2.120 r0.wg0 r0.wg0.wan.buetow.org
+192.168.2.121 r1.wg0 r1.wg0.wan.buetow.org
+192.168.2.122 r2.wg0 r2.wg0.wan.buetow.org
 
-192.168.2.110 blowfish.wg0 blowfish.wg0.wan.buetow.org
-192.168.2.111 fishfinger.wg0 fishfinger.wg0.wan.buetow.org
-END
+192.168.2.110 blowfish.wg0 blowfish.wg0.wan.buetow.org
+192.168.2.111 fishfinger.wg0 fishfinger.wg0.wan.buetow.org
+END
 

 

 
WireGuard configuration


@@ -677,10 +677,10 @@ PersistentKeepalive = 25
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
> git clone https://codeberg.org/snonux/wireguardmeshgenerator
-> cd ./wireguardmeshgenerator
-> bundle install
-> sudo dnf install -y wireguard-tools
+
> git clone https://codeberg.org/snonux/wireguardmeshgenerator
+> cd ./wireguardmeshgenerator
+> bundle install
+> sudo dnf install -y wireguard-tools
 

 

 This assumes that Ruby and the bundler gem are already installed. If not, refer to the docs of your distribution.

@@ -816,39 +816,39 @@ hosts:
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
begin
-  options = { hosts: [] }
-  OptionParser.new do |opts|
-    opts.banner = 'Usage: wireguardmeshgenerator.rb [options]'
-    opts.on('--generate', 'Generate Wireguard configs') do
-      options[:generate] = true
-    end
-    opts.on('--install', 'Install Wireguard configs') do
-      options[:install] = true
-    end
-    opts.on('--clean', 'Clean Wireguard configs') do
-      options[:clean] = true
-    end
-    opts.on('--hosts=HOSTS', 'Comma separated hosts to configure') do |hosts|
-      options[:hosts] = hosts.split(',')
-    end
-  end.parse!
-
-  conf = YAML.load_file('wireguardmeshgenerator.yaml').freeze
-  conf['hosts'].keys.select { options[:hosts].empty? || options[:hosts].include?(_1) }
-               .each do |host|
-    # Generate Wireguard configuration for the host reload!
-    WireguardConfig.new(host, conf['hosts']).generate! if options[:generate]
-    # Install Wireguard configuration for the host.
-    InstallConfig.new(host, conf['hosts']).upload!.install!.reload! if options[:install]
-    # Clean Wireguard configuration for the host.
-    WireguardConfig.new(host, conf['hosts']).clean! if options[:clean]
-  end
-rescue StandardError => e
-  puts "Error: #{e.message}"
-  puts e.backtrace.join("\n")
-  exit 2
-end
+
begin
+  options = { hosts: [] }
+  OptionParser.new do |opts|
+    opts.banner = 'Usage: wireguardmeshgenerator.rb [options]'
+    opts.on('--generate', 'Generate Wireguard configs') do
+      options[:generate] = true
+    end
+    opts.on('--install', 'Install Wireguard configs') do
+      options[:install] = true
+    end
+    opts.on('--clean', 'Clean Wireguard configs') do
+      options[:clean] = true
+    end
+    opts.on('--hosts=HOSTS', 'Comma separated hosts to configure') do |hosts|
+      options[:hosts] = hosts.split(',')
+    end
+  end.parse!
+
+  conf = YAML.load_file('wireguardmeshgenerator.yaml').freeze
+  conf['hosts'].keys.select { options[:hosts].empty? || options[:hosts].include?(_1) }
+               .each do |host|
+    # Generate Wireguard configuration for the host reload!
+    WireguardConfig.new(host, conf['hosts']).generate! if options[:generate]
+    # Install Wireguard configuration for the host.
+    InstallConfig.new(host, conf['hosts']).upload!.install!.reload! if options[:install]
+    # Clean Wireguard configuration for the host.
+    WireguardConfig.new(host, conf['hosts']).clean! if options[:clean]
+  end
+rescue StandardError => e
+  puts "Error: #{e.message}"
+  puts e.backtrace.join("\n")
+  exit 2
+end
 

 

 And we also have a Rakefile:

@@ -857,19 +857,19 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
task :generate do
-  ruby 'wireguardmeshgenerator.rb', '--generate'
-end
+
task :generate do
+  ruby 'wireguardmeshgenerator.rb', '--generate'
+end
 
-task :clean do
-  ruby 'wireguardmeshgenerator.rb', '--clean'
-end
+task :clean do
+  ruby 'wireguardmeshgenerator.rb', '--clean'
+end
 
-task :install do
-  ruby 'wireguardmeshgenerator.rb', '--install'
-end
+task :install do
+  ruby 'wireguardmeshgenerator.rb', '--install'
+end
 
-task default: :generate
+task default: :generate
 

 

 

@@ -883,16 +883,16 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
> rake generate
-/usr/bin/ruby wireguardmeshgenerator.rb --generate
-Generating dist/f0/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
-Generating dist/f1/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
-Generating dist/f2/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
-Generating dist/r0/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
-Generating dist/r1/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
-Generating dist/r2/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
-Generating dist/blowfish/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
-Generating dist/fishfinger/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
+
> rake generate
+/usr/bin/ruby wireguardmeshgenerator.rb --generate
+Generating dist/f0/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
+Generating dist/f1/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
+Generating dist/f2/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
+Generating dist/r0/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
+Generating dist/r1/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
+Generating dist/r2/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
+Generating dist/blowfish/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
+Generating dist/fishfinger/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
 

 

 It generated all the wg0.conf files listed in the output, plus those keys:

@@ -901,51 +901,51 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
> find keys/ -type f
-keys/f0/priv.key
-keys/f0/pub.key
-keys/psk/f0_f1.key
-keys/psk/f0_f2.key
-keys/psk/f0_r0.key
-keys/psk/f0_r1.key
-keys/psk/f0_r2.key
-keys/psk/blowfish_f0.key
-keys/psk/f0_fishfinger.key
-keys/psk/f1_f2.key
-keys/psk/f1_r0.key
-keys/psk/f1_r1.key
-keys/psk/f1_r2.key
-keys/psk/blowfish_f1.key
-keys/psk/f1_fishfinger.key
-keys/psk/f2_r0.key
-keys/psk/f2_r1.key
-keys/psk/f2_r2.key
-keys/psk/blowfish_f2.key
-keys/psk/f2_fishfinger.key
-keys/psk/r0_r1.key
-keys/psk/r0_r2.key
-keys/psk/blowfish_r0.key
-keys/psk/fishfinger_r0.key
-keys/psk/r1_r2.key
-keys/psk/blowfish_r1.key
-keys/psk/fishfinger_r1.key
-keys/psk/blowfish_r2.key
-keys/psk/fishfinger_r2.key
-keys/psk/blowfish_fishfinger.key
-keys/f1/priv.key
-keys/f1/pub.key
-keys/f2/priv.key
-keys/f2/pub.key
-keys/r0/priv.key
-keys/r0/pub.key
-keys/r1/priv.key
-keys/r1/pub.key
-keys/r2/priv.key
-keys/r2/pub.key
-keys/blowfish/priv.key
-keys/blowfish/pub.key
-keys/fishfinger/priv.key
-keys/fishfinger/pub.key
+
> find keys/ -type f
+keys/f0/priv.key
+keys/f0/pub.key
+keys/psk/f0_f1.key
+keys/psk/f0_f2.key
+keys/psk/f0_r0.key
+keys/psk/f0_r1.key
+keys/psk/f0_r2.key
+keys/psk/blowfish_f0.key
+keys/psk/f0_fishfinger.key
+keys/psk/f1_f2.key
+keys/psk/f1_r0.key
+keys/psk/f1_r1.key
+keys/psk/f1_r2.key
+keys/psk/blowfish_f1.key
+keys/psk/f1_fishfinger.key
+keys/psk/f2_r0.key
+keys/psk/f2_r1.key
+keys/psk/f2_r2.key
+keys/psk/blowfish_f2.key
+keys/psk/f2_fishfinger.key
+keys/psk/r0_r1.key
+keys/psk/r0_r2.key
+keys/psk/blowfish_r0.key
+keys/psk/fishfinger_r0.key
+keys/psk/r1_r2.key
+keys/psk/blowfish_r1.key
+keys/psk/fishfinger_r1.key
+keys/psk/blowfish_r2.key
+keys/psk/fishfinger_r2.key
+keys/psk/blowfish_fishfinger.key
+keys/f1/priv.key
+keys/f1/pub.key
+keys/f2/priv.key
+keys/f2/pub.key
+keys/r0/priv.key
+keys/r0/pub.key
+keys/r1/priv.key
+keys/r1/pub.key
+keys/r2/priv.key
+keys/r2/pub.key
+keys/blowfish/priv.key
+keys/blowfish/pub.key
+keys/fishfinger/priv.key
+keys/fishfinger/pub.key
 

 

 Those keys are embedded in the resulting wg0.conf, so later, we only need to install the wg0.conf files and not all the keys individually.

@@ -958,112 +958,112 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
> rake install
-/usr/bin/ruby wireguardmeshgenerator.rb --install
-Uploading dist/f0/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf to f0.lan.buetow.org:.
-Installing Wireguard config on f0
-Uploading cmd.sh to f0.lan.buetow.org:.
-+ [ ! -d /usr/local/etc/wireguard ]
-+ doas chmod 700 /usr/local/etc/wireguard
-+ doas mv -v wg0.conf /usr/local/etc/wireguard
-wg0.conf -> /usr/local/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
-+ doas chmod 644 /usr/local/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
-+ rm cmd.sh
-Reloading Wireguard on f0
-Uploading cmd.sh to f0.lan.buetow.org:.
-+ doas service wireguard reload
-+ rm cmd.sh
-Uploading dist/f1/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf to f1.lan.buetow.org:.
-Installing Wireguard config on f1
-Uploading cmd.sh to f1.lan.buetow.org:.
-+ [ ! -d /usr/local/etc/wireguard ]
-+ doas chmod 700 /usr/local/etc/wireguard
-+ doas mv -v wg0.conf /usr/local/etc/wireguard
-wg0.conf -> /usr/local/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
-+ doas chmod 644 /usr/local/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
-+ rm cmd.sh
-Reloading Wireguard on f1
-Uploading cmd.sh to f1.lan.buetow.org:.
-+ doas service wireguard reload
-+ rm cmd.sh
-Uploading dist/f2/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf to f2.lan.buetow.org:.
-Installing Wireguard config on f2
-Uploading cmd.sh to f2.lan.buetow.org:.
-+ [ ! -d /usr/local/etc/wireguard ]
-+ doas chmod 700 /usr/local/etc/wireguard
-+ doas mv -v wg0.conf /usr/local/etc/wireguard
-wg0.conf -> /usr/local/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
-+ doas chmod 644 /usr/local/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
-+ rm cmd.sh
-Reloading Wireguard on f2
-Uploading cmd.sh to f2.lan.buetow.org:.
-+ doas service wireguard reload
-+ rm cmd.sh
-Uploading dist/r0/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf to r0.lan.buetow.org:.
-Installing Wireguard config on r0
-Uploading cmd.sh to r0.lan.buetow.org:.
-+ '[' '!' -d /etc/wireguard ']'
-+ chmod 700 /etc/wireguard
-+ mv -v wg0.conf /etc/wireguard
-renamed 'wg0.conf' -> '/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf'
-+ chmod 644 /etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
-+ rm cmd.sh
-Reloading Wireguard on r0
-Uploading cmd.sh to r0.lan.buetow.org:.
-+ systemctl reload wg-quick@wg0.service
-+ rm cmd.sh
-Uploading dist/r1/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf to r1.lan.buetow.org:.
-Installing Wireguard config on r1
-Uploading cmd.sh to r1.lan.buetow.org:.
-+ '[' '!' -d /etc/wireguard ']'
-+ chmod 700 /etc/wireguard
-+ mv -v wg0.conf /etc/wireguard
-renamed 'wg0.conf' -> '/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf'
-+ chmod 644 /etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
-+ rm cmd.sh
-Reloading Wireguard on r1
-Uploading cmd.sh to r1.lan.buetow.org:.
-+ systemctl reload wg-quick@wg0.service
-+ rm cmd.sh
-Uploading dist/r2/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf to r2.lan.buetow.org:.
-Installing Wireguard config on r2
-Uploading cmd.sh to r2.lan.buetow.org:.
-+ '[' '!' -d /etc/wireguard ']'
-+ chmod 700 /etc/wireguard
-+ mv -v wg0.conf /etc/wireguard
-renamed 'wg0.conf' -> '/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf'
-+ chmod 644 /etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
-+ rm cmd.sh
-Reloading Wireguard on r2
-Uploading cmd.sh to r2.lan.buetow.org:.
-+ systemctl reload wg-quick@wg0.service
-+ rm cmd.sh
-Uploading dist/blowfish/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf to blowfish.buetow.org:.
-Installing Wireguard config on blowfish
-Uploading cmd.sh to blowfish.buetow.org:.
-+ [ ! -d /etc/wireguard ]
-+ doas chmod 700 /etc/wireguard
-+ doas mv -v wg0.conf /etc/wireguard
-wg0.conf -> /etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
-+ doas chmod 644 /etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
-+ rm cmd.sh
-Reloading Wireguard on blowfish
-Uploading cmd.sh to blowfish.buetow.org:.
-+ doas sh /etc/netstart wg0
-+ rm cmd.sh
-Uploading dist/fishfinger/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf to fishfinger.buetow.org:.
-Installing Wireguard config on fishfinger
-Uploading cmd.sh to fishfinger.buetow.org:.
-+ [ ! -d /etc/wireguard ]
-+ doas chmod 700 /etc/wireguard
-+ doas mv -v wg0.conf /etc/wireguard
-wg0.conf -> /etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
-+ doas chmod 644 /etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
-+ rm cmd.sh
-Reloading Wireguard on fishfinger
-Uploading cmd.sh to fishfinger.buetow.org:.
-+ doas sh /etc/netstart wg0
-+ rm cmd.sh
+
> rake install
+/usr/bin/ruby wireguardmeshgenerator.rb --install
+Uploading dist/f0/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf to f0.lan.buetow.org:.
+Installing Wireguard config on f0
+Uploading cmd.sh to f0.lan.buetow.org:.
++ [ ! -d /usr/local/etc/wireguard ]
++ doas chmod 700 /usr/local/etc/wireguard
++ doas mv -v wg0.conf /usr/local/etc/wireguard
+wg0.conf -> /usr/local/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
++ doas chmod 644 /usr/local/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
++ rm cmd.sh
+Reloading Wireguard on f0
+Uploading cmd.sh to f0.lan.buetow.org:.
++ doas service wireguard reload
++ rm cmd.sh
+Uploading dist/f1/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf to f1.lan.buetow.org:.
+Installing Wireguard config on f1
+Uploading cmd.sh to f1.lan.buetow.org:.
++ [ ! -d /usr/local/etc/wireguard ]
++ doas chmod 700 /usr/local/etc/wireguard
++ doas mv -v wg0.conf /usr/local/etc/wireguard
+wg0.conf -> /usr/local/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
++ doas chmod 644 /usr/local/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
++ rm cmd.sh
+Reloading Wireguard on f1
+Uploading cmd.sh to f1.lan.buetow.org:.
++ doas service wireguard reload
++ rm cmd.sh
+Uploading dist/f2/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf to f2.lan.buetow.org:.
+Installing Wireguard config on f2
+Uploading cmd.sh to f2.lan.buetow.org:.
++ [ ! -d /usr/local/etc/wireguard ]
++ doas chmod 700 /usr/local/etc/wireguard
++ doas mv -v wg0.conf /usr/local/etc/wireguard
+wg0.conf -> /usr/local/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
++ doas chmod 644 /usr/local/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
++ rm cmd.sh
+Reloading Wireguard on f2
+Uploading cmd.sh to f2.lan.buetow.org:.
++ doas service wireguard reload
++ rm cmd.sh
+Uploading dist/r0/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf to r0.lan.buetow.org:.
+Installing Wireguard config on r0
+Uploading cmd.sh to r0.lan.buetow.org:.
++ '[' '!' -d /etc/wireguard ']'
++ chmod 700 /etc/wireguard
++ mv -v wg0.conf /etc/wireguard
+renamed 'wg0.conf' -> '/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf'
++ chmod 644 /etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
++ rm cmd.sh
+Reloading Wireguard on r0
+Uploading cmd.sh to r0.lan.buetow.org:.
++ systemctl reload wg-quick@wg0.service
++ rm cmd.sh
+Uploading dist/r1/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf to r1.lan.buetow.org:.
+Installing Wireguard config on r1
+Uploading cmd.sh to r1.lan.buetow.org:.
++ '[' '!' -d /etc/wireguard ']'
++ chmod 700 /etc/wireguard
++ mv -v wg0.conf /etc/wireguard
+renamed 'wg0.conf' -> '/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf'
++ chmod 644 /etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
++ rm cmd.sh
+Reloading Wireguard on r1
+Uploading cmd.sh to r1.lan.buetow.org:.
++ systemctl reload wg-quick@wg0.service
++ rm cmd.sh
+Uploading dist/r2/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf to r2.lan.buetow.org:.
+Installing Wireguard config on r2
+Uploading cmd.sh to r2.lan.buetow.org:.
++ '[' '!' -d /etc/wireguard ']'
++ chmod 700 /etc/wireguard
++ mv -v wg0.conf /etc/wireguard
+renamed 'wg0.conf' -> '/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf'
++ chmod 644 /etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
++ rm cmd.sh
+Reloading Wireguard on r2
+Uploading cmd.sh to r2.lan.buetow.org:.
++ systemctl reload wg-quick@wg0.service
++ rm cmd.sh
+Uploading dist/blowfish/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf to blowfish.buetow.org:.
+Installing Wireguard config on blowfish
+Uploading cmd.sh to blowfish.buetow.org:.
++ [ ! -d /etc/wireguard ]
++ doas chmod 700 /etc/wireguard
++ doas mv -v wg0.conf /etc/wireguard
+wg0.conf -> /etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
++ doas chmod 644 /etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
++ rm cmd.sh
+Reloading Wireguard on blowfish
+Uploading cmd.sh to blowfish.buetow.org:.
++ doas sh /etc/netstart wg0
++ rm cmd.sh
+Uploading dist/fishfinger/etc/wireguard/wg0.conf to fishfinger.buetow.org:.
+Installing Wireguard config on fishfinger
+Uploading cmd.sh to fishfinger.buetow.org:.
++ [ ! -d /etc/wireguard ]
++ doas chmod 700 /etc/wireguard
++ doas mv -v wg0.conf /etc/wireguard
+wg0.conf -> /etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
++ doas chmod 644 /etc/wireguard/wg0.conf
++ rm cmd.sh
+Reloading Wireguard on fishfinger
+Uploading cmd.sh to fishfinger.buetow.org:.
++ doas sh /etc/netstart wg0
++ rm cmd.sh
 

 

 
Re-generating mesh and installing the wg0.conf files again


@@ -1074,9 +1074,9 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
> rake clean
-> rake generate
-> rake install
+
> rake clean
+> rake generate
+> rake install
 

 

 That would also delete and re-generate all the keys involved.

@@ -1089,52 +1089,52 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
paul@f0:~ % doas wg show
-interface: wg0
-  public key: Jm6YItMt94++dIeOyVi1I9AhNt2qQcryxCZezoX7X2Y=
-  private key: (hidden)
-  listening port: 56709
+
paul@f0:~ % doas wg show
+interface: wg0
+  public key: Jm6YItMt94++dIeOyVi1I9AhNt2qQcryxCZezoX7X2Y=
+  private key: (hidden)
+  listening port: 56709
 
-peer: 8PvGZH1NohHpZPVJyjhctBX9xblsNvYBhpg68FsFcns=
-  preshared key: (hidden)
-  endpoint: 46.23.94.99:56709
-  allowed ips: 192.168.2.111/32
-  latest handshake: 1 minute, 46 seconds ago
-  transfer: 124 B received, 1.75 KiB sent
-  persistent keepalive: every 25 seconds
+peer: 8PvGZH1NohHpZPVJyjhctBX9xblsNvYBhpg68FsFcns=
+  preshared key: (hidden)
+  endpoint: 46.23.94.99:56709
+  allowed ips: 192.168.2.111/32
+  latest handshake: 1 minute, 46 seconds ago
+  transfer: 124 B received, 1.75 KiB sent
+  persistent keepalive: every 25 seconds
 
-peer: Xow+d3qVXgUMk4pcRSQ6Fe+vhYBa3VDyHX/4jrGoKns=
-  preshared key: (hidden)
-  endpoint: 23.88.35.144:56709
-  allowed ips: 192.168.2.110/32
-  latest handshake: 1 minute, 52 seconds ago
-  transfer: 124 B received, 1.60 KiB sent
-  persistent keepalive: every 25 seconds
+peer: Xow+d3qVXgUMk4pcRSQ6Fe+vhYBa3VDyHX/4jrGoKns=
+  preshared key: (hidden)
+  endpoint: 23.88.35.144:56709
+  allowed ips: 192.168.2.110/32
+  latest handshake: 1 minute, 52 seconds ago
+  transfer: 124 B received, 1.60 KiB sent
+  persistent keepalive: every 25 seconds
 
-peer: s3e93XoY7dPUQgLiVO4d8x/SRCFgEew+/wP7+zwgehI=
-  preshared key: (hidden)
-  endpoint: 192.168.1.120:56709
-  allowed ips: 192.168.2.120/32
+peer: s3e93XoY7dPUQgLiVO4d8x/SRCFgEew+/wP7+zwgehI=
+  preshared key: (hidden)
+  endpoint: 192.168.1.120:56709
+  allowed ips: 192.168.2.120/32
 
-peer: 2htXdNcxzpI2FdPDJy4T4VGtm1wpMEQu1AkQHjNY6F8=
-  preshared key: (hidden)
-  endpoint: 192.168.1.131:56709
-  allowed ips: 192.168.2.131/32
+peer: 2htXdNcxzpI2FdPDJy4T4VGtm1wpMEQu1AkQHjNY6F8=
+  preshared key: (hidden)
+  endpoint: 192.168.1.131:56709
+  allowed ips: 192.168.2.131/32
 
-peer: 0Y/H20W8YIbF7DA1sMwMacLI8WS9yG+1/QO7m2oyllg=
-  preshared key: (hidden)
-  endpoint: 192.168.1.122:56709
-  allowed ips: 192.168.2.122/32
+peer: 0Y/H20W8YIbF7DA1sMwMacLI8WS9yG+1/QO7m2oyllg=
+  preshared key: (hidden)
+  endpoint: 192.168.1.122:56709
+  allowed ips: 192.168.2.122/32
 
-peer: Hhy9kMPOOjChXV2RA5WeCGs+J0FE3rcNPDw/TLSn7i8=
-  preshared key: (hidden)
-  endpoint: 192.168.1.121:56709
-  allowed ips: 192.168.2.121/32
+peer: Hhy9kMPOOjChXV2RA5WeCGs+J0FE3rcNPDw/TLSn7i8=
+  preshared key: (hidden)
+  endpoint: 192.168.1.121:56709
+  allowed ips: 192.168.2.121/32
 
-peer: SlGVsACE1wiaRoGvCR3f7AuHfRS+1jjhS+YwEJ2HvF0=
-  preshared key: (hidden)
-  endpoint: 192.168.1.132:56709
-  allowed ips: 192.168.2.132/32
+peer: SlGVsACE1wiaRoGvCR3f7AuHfRS+1jjhS+YwEJ2HvF0=
+  preshared key: (hidden)
+  endpoint: 192.168.1.132:56709
+  allowed ips: 192.168.2.132/32
 

 

 All the hosts are pingable as well, e.g.:

@@ -1143,65 +1143,65 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
paul@f0:~ % foreach peer ( f1 f2 r0 r1 r2 blowfish fishfinger )
-foreach? ping -c2 $peer.wg0
-foreach? echo
-foreach? end
-PING f1.wg0 (192.168.2.131): 56 data bytes
-64 bytes from 192.168.2.131: icmp_seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.334 ms
-64 bytes from 192.168.2.131: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.260 ms
+
paul@f0:~ % foreach peer ( f1 f2 r0 r1 r2 blowfish fishfinger )
+foreach? ping -c2 $peer.wg0
+foreach? echo
+foreach? end
+PING f1.wg0 (192.168.2.131): 56 data bytes
+64 bytes from 192.168.2.131: icmp_seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.334 ms
+64 bytes from 192.168.2.131: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.260 ms
 
---- f1.wg0 ping statistics ---
-2 packets transmitted, 2 packets received, 0.0% packet loss
-round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 0.260/0.297/0.334/0.037 ms
+--- f1.wg0 ping statistics ---
+2 packets transmitted, 2 packets received, 0.0% packet loss
+round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 0.260/0.297/0.334/0.037 ms
 
-PING f2.wg0 (192.168.2.132): 56 data bytes
-64 bytes from 192.168.2.132: icmp_seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.323 ms
-64 bytes from 192.168.2.132: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.303 ms
+PING f2.wg0 (192.168.2.132): 56 data bytes
+64 bytes from 192.168.2.132: icmp_seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.323 ms
+64 bytes from 192.168.2.132: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.303 ms
 
---- f2.wg0 ping statistics ---
-2 packets transmitted, 2 packets received, 0.0% packet loss
-round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 0.303/0.313/0.323/0.010 ms
+--- f2.wg0 ping statistics ---
+2 packets transmitted, 2 packets received, 0.0% packet loss
+round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 0.303/0.313/0.323/0.010 ms
 
-PING r0.wg0 (192.168.2.120): 56 data bytes
-64 bytes from 192.168.2.120: icmp_seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.716 ms
-64 bytes from 192.168.2.120: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.406 ms
+PING r0.wg0 (192.168.2.120): 56 data bytes
+64 bytes from 192.168.2.120: icmp_seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.716 ms
+64 bytes from 192.168.2.120: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.406 ms
 
---- r0.wg0 ping statistics ---
-2 packets transmitted, 2 packets received, 0.0% packet loss
-round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 0.406/0.561/0.716/0.155 ms
+--- r0.wg0 ping statistics ---
+2 packets transmitted, 2 packets received, 0.0% packet loss
+round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 0.406/0.561/0.716/0.155 ms
 
-PING r1.wg0 (192.168.2.121): 56 data bytes
-64 bytes from 192.168.2.121: icmp_seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.639 ms
-64 bytes from 192.168.2.121: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.629 ms
+PING r1.wg0 (192.168.2.121): 56 data bytes
+64 bytes from 192.168.2.121: icmp_seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.639 ms
+64 bytes from 192.168.2.121: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.629 ms
 
---- r1.wg0 ping statistics ---
-2 packets transmitted, 2 packets received, 0.0% packet loss
-round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 0.629/0.634/0.639/0.005 ms
+--- r1.wg0 ping statistics ---
+2 packets transmitted, 2 packets received, 0.0% packet loss
+round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 0.629/0.634/0.639/0.005 ms
 
-PING r2.wg0 (192.168.2.122): 56 data bytes
-64 bytes from 192.168.2.122: icmp_seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.569 ms
-64 bytes from 192.168.2.122: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.479 ms
+PING r2.wg0 (192.168.2.122): 56 data bytes
+64 bytes from 192.168.2.122: icmp_seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.569 ms
+64 bytes from 192.168.2.122: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.479 ms
 
---- r2.wg0 ping statistics ---
-2 packets transmitted, 2 packets received, 0.0% packet loss
-round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 0.479/0.524/0.569/0.045 ms
+--- r2.wg0 ping statistics ---
+2 packets transmitted, 2 packets received, 0.0% packet loss
+round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 0.479/0.524/0.569/0.045 ms
 
-PING blowfish.wg0 (192.168.2.110): 56 data bytes
-64 bytes from 192.168.2.110: icmp_seq=0 ttl=255 time=35.745 ms
-64 bytes from 192.168.2.110: icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=35.481 ms
+PING blowfish.wg0 (192.168.2.110): 56 data bytes
+64 bytes from 192.168.2.110: icmp_seq=0 ttl=255 time=35.745 ms
+64 bytes from 192.168.2.110: icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=35.481 ms
 
---- blowfish.wg0 ping statistics ---
-2 packets transmitted, 2 packets received, 0.0% packet loss
-round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 35.481/35.613/35.745/0.132 ms
+--- blowfish.wg0 ping statistics ---
+2 packets transmitted, 2 packets received, 0.0% packet loss
+round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 35.481/35.613/35.745/0.132 ms
 
-PING fishfinger.wg0 (192.168.2.111): 56 data bytes
-64 bytes from 192.168.2.111: icmp_seq=0 ttl=255 time=33.992 ms
-64 bytes from 192.168.2.111: icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=33.751 ms
+PING fishfinger.wg0 (192.168.2.111): 56 data bytes
+64 bytes from 192.168.2.111: icmp_seq=0 ttl=255 time=33.992 ms
+64 bytes from 192.168.2.111: icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=33.751 ms
 
---- fishfinger.wg0 ping statistics ---
-2 packets transmitted, 2 packets received, 0.0% packet loss
-round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 33.751/33.872/33.992/0.120 ms
+--- fishfinger.wg0 ping statistics ---
+2 packets transmitted, 2 packets received, 0.0% packet loss
+round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 33.751/33.872/33.992/0.120 ms
 

 

 Note that the loop above is a tcsh loop, the default shell used in FreeBSD. Of course, all other peers can ping their peers as well!

@@ -1212,60 +1212,60 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
paul@f0:~ % doas wg show
-interface: wg0
-  public key: Jm6YItMt94++dIeOyVi1I9AhNt2qQcryxCZezoX7X2Y=
-  private key: (hidden)
-  listening port: 56709
-
-peer: 0Y/H20W8YIbF7DA1sMwMacLI8WS9yG+1/QO7m2oyllg=
-  preshared key: (hidden)
-  endpoint: 192.168.1.122:56709
-  allowed ips: 192.168.2.122/32
-  latest handshake: 10 seconds ago
-  transfer: 440 B received, 532 B sent
-
-peer: Hhy9kMPOOjChXV2RA5WeCGs+J0FE3rcNPDw/TLSn7i8=
-  preshared key: (hidden)
-  endpoint: 192.168.1.121:56709
-  allowed ips: 192.168.2.121/32
-  latest handshake: 12 seconds ago
-  transfer: 440 B received, 564 B sent
-
-peer: s3e93XoY7dPUQgLiVO4d8x/SRCFgEew+/wP7+zwgehI=
-  preshared key: (hidden)
-  endpoint: 192.168.1.120:56709
-  allowed ips: 192.168.2.120/32
-  latest handshake: 14 seconds ago
-  transfer: 440 B received, 564 B sent
-
-peer: SlGVsACE1wiaRoGvCR3f7AuHfRS+1jjhS+YwEJ2HvF0=
-  preshared key: (hidden)
-  endpoint: 192.168.1.132:56709
-  allowed ips: 192.168.2.132/32
-  latest handshake: 17 seconds ago
-  transfer: 472 B received, 564 B sent
-
-peer: Xow+d3qVXgUMk4pcRSQ6Fe+vhYBa3VDyHX/4jrGoKns=
-  preshared key: (hidden)
-  endpoint: 23.88.35.144:56709
-  allowed ips: 192.168.2.110/32
-  latest handshake: 55 seconds ago
-  transfer: 472 B received, 596 B sent
-  persistent keepalive: every 25 seconds
-
-peer: 8PvGZH1NohHpZPVJyjhctBX9xblsNvYBhpg68FsFcns=
-  preshared key: (hidden)
-  endpoint: 46.23.94.99:56709
-  allowed ips: 192.168.2.111/32
-  latest handshake: 55 seconds ago
-  transfer: 472 B received, 596 B sent
-  persistent keepalive: every 25 seconds
-
-peer: 2htXdNcxzpI2FdPDJy4T4VGtm1wpMEQu1AkQHjNY6F8=
-  preshared key: (hidden)
-  endpoint: 192.168.1.131:56709
-  allowed ips: 192.168.2.131/32
+
paul@f0:~ % doas wg show
+interface: wg0
+  public key: Jm6YItMt94++dIeOyVi1I9AhNt2qQcryxCZezoX7X2Y=
+  private key: (hidden)
+  listening port: 56709
+
+peer: 0Y/H20W8YIbF7DA1sMwMacLI8WS9yG+1/QO7m2oyllg=
+  preshared key: (hidden)
+  endpoint: 192.168.1.122:56709
+  allowed ips: 192.168.2.122/32
+  latest handshake: 10 seconds ago
+  transfer: 440 B received, 532 B sent
+
+peer: Hhy9kMPOOjChXV2RA5WeCGs+J0FE3rcNPDw/TLSn7i8=
+  preshared key: (hidden)
+  endpoint: 192.168.1.121:56709
+  allowed ips: 192.168.2.121/32
+  latest handshake: 12 seconds ago
+  transfer: 440 B received, 564 B sent
+
+peer: s3e93XoY7dPUQgLiVO4d8x/SRCFgEew+/wP7+zwgehI=
+  preshared key: (hidden)
+  endpoint: 192.168.1.120:56709
+  allowed ips: 192.168.2.120/32
+  latest handshake: 14 seconds ago
+  transfer: 440 B received, 564 B sent
+
+peer: SlGVsACE1wiaRoGvCR3f7AuHfRS+1jjhS+YwEJ2HvF0=
+  preshared key: (hidden)
+  endpoint: 192.168.1.132:56709
+  allowed ips: 192.168.2.132/32
+  latest handshake: 17 seconds ago
+  transfer: 472 B received, 564 B sent
+
+peer: Xow+d3qVXgUMk4pcRSQ6Fe+vhYBa3VDyHX/4jrGoKns=
+  preshared key: (hidden)
+  endpoint: 23.88.35.144:56709
+  allowed ips: 192.168.2.110/32
+  latest handshake: 55 seconds ago
+  transfer: 472 B received, 596 B sent
+  persistent keepalive: every 25 seconds
+
+peer: 8PvGZH1NohHpZPVJyjhctBX9xblsNvYBhpg68FsFcns=
+  preshared key: (hidden)
+  endpoint: 46.23.94.99:56709
+  allowed ips: 192.168.2.111/32
+  latest handshake: 55 seconds ago
+  transfer: 472 B received, 596 B sent
+  persistent keepalive: every 25 seconds
+
+peer: 2htXdNcxzpI2FdPDJy4T4VGtm1wpMEQu1AkQHjNY6F8=
+  preshared key: (hidden)
+  endpoint: 192.168.1.131:56709
+  allowed ips: 192.168.2.131/32
 

 

 
Conclusion


@@ -1486,14 +1486,14 @@ set-option -g prefix C-g
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
function tmux::search
-    set -l session (tmux list-sessions | fzf | cut -d: -f1)
-    if test -z "$TMUX"
-        tmux attach-session -t $session
-    else
-        tmux switch -t $session
-    end
-end
+
function tmux::search
+    set -l session (tmux list-sessions | fzf | cut -d: -f1)
+    if test -z "$TMUX"
+        tmux attach-session -t $session
+    else
+        tmux switch -t $session
+    end
+end
 

 

 All it does is list all currently open sessions in fzf, where one of them can be searched and selected through fuzzy find, and then either switch (if already inside a session) to the other session or attach to the other session (if not yet in Tmux).

@@ -1906,10 +1906,10 @@ __ejm\___/________dwb`---`______________________
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
paul@f0:~ % dmesg | grep 'Features2=.*POPCNT'
-  Features2=0x7ffafbbf<SSE3,PCLMULQDQ,DTES64,MON,DS_CPL,VMX,EST,TM2,SSSE3,SDBG,
-	FMA,CX16,xTPR,PDCM,PCID,SSE4.1,SSE4.2,x2APIC,MOVBE,POPCNT,TSCDLT,AESNI,XSAVE,
-	OSXSAVE,AVX,F16C,RDRAND>
+
paul@f0:~ % dmesg | grep 'Features2=.*POPCNT'
+  Features2=0x7ffafbbf<SSE3,PCLMULQDQ,DTES64,MON,DS_CPL,VMX,EST,TM2,SSSE3,SDBG,
+	FMA,CX16,xTPR,PDCM,PCID,SSE4.1,SSE4.2,x2APIC,MOVBE,POPCNT,TSCDLT,AESNI,XSAVE,
+	OSXSAVE,AVX,F16C,RDRAND>
 

 

 So it's there! All good.

@@ -1926,15 +1926,15 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
paul@f0:~ % doas pkg install vm-bhyve bhyve-firmware
-paul@f0:~ % doas sysrc vm_enable=YES
-vm_enable:  -> YES
-paul@f0:~ % doas sysrc vm_dir=zfs:zroot/bhyve
-vm_dir:  -> zfs:zroot/bhyve
-paul@f0:~ % doas zfs create zroot/bhyve
-paul@f0:~ % doas vm init
-paul@f0:~ % doas vm switch create public
-paul@f0:~ % doas vm switch add public re0
+
paul@f0:~ % doas pkg install vm-bhyve bhyve-firmware
+paul@f0:~ % doas sysrc vm_enable=YES
+vm_enable:  -> YES
+paul@f0:~ % doas sysrc vm_dir=zfs:zroot/bhyve
+vm_dir:  -> zfs:zroot/bhyve
+paul@f0:~ % doas zfs create zroot/bhyve
+paul@f0:~ % doas vm init
+paul@f0:~ % doas vm switch create public
+paul@f0:~ % doas vm switch add public re0
 

 

 Bhyve stores all it's data in the /bhyve of the zroot ZFS pool:

@@ -1943,8 +1943,8 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
paul@f0:~ % zfs list | grep bhyve
-zroot/bhyve                                   1.74M   453G  1.74M  /zroot/bhyve
+
paul@f0:~ % zfs list | grep bhyve
+zroot/bhyve                                   1.74M   453G  1.74M  /zroot/bhyve
 

 

 For convenience, we also create this symlink:

@@ -1953,7 +1953,7 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
paul@f0:~ % doas ln -s /zroot/bhyve/ /bhyve
+
paul@f0:~ % doas ln -s /zroot/bhyve/ /bhyve
 
 

 

@@ -1963,8 +1963,8 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
paul@f0:~ % doas vm list
-NAME  DATASTORE  LOADER  CPU  MEMORY  VNC  AUTO  STATE
+
paul@f0:~ % doas vm list
+NAME  DATASTORE  LOADER  CPU  MEMORY  VNC  AUTO  STATE
 

 

 
Rocky Linux VMs


@@ -1985,10 +1985,10 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
paul@f0:~ % doas vm iso \
- https://download.rockylinux.org/pub/rocky/9/isos/x86_64/Rocky-9.5-x86_64-minimal.iso
-/zroot/bhyve/.iso/Rocky-9.5-x86_64-minimal.iso        1808 MB 4780 kBps 06m28s
-paul@f0:/bhyve % doas vm create rocky
+
paul@f0:~ % doas vm iso \
+ https://download.rockylinux.org/pub/rocky/9/isos/x86_64/Rocky-9.5-x86_64-minimal.iso
+/zroot/bhyve/.iso/Rocky-9.5-x86_64-minimal.iso        1808 MB 4780 kBps 06m28s
+paul@f0:/bhyve % doas vm create rocky
 

 

 
VM configuration


@@ -1999,16 +1999,16 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
paul@f0:/bhyve/rocky % cat rocky.conf
-loader="bhyveload"
-cpu=1
-memory=256M
-network0_type="virtio-net"
-network0_switch="public"
-disk0_type="virtio-blk"
-disk0_name="disk0.img"
-uuid="1c4655ac-c828-11ef-a920-e8ff1ed71ca0"
-network0_mac="58:9c:fc:0d:13:3f"
+
paul@f0:/bhyve/rocky % cat rocky.conf
+loader="bhyveload"
+cpu=1
+memory=256M
+network0_type="virtio-net"
+network0_switch="public"
+disk0_type="virtio-blk"
+disk0_name="disk0.img"
+uuid="1c4655ac-c828-11ef-a920-e8ff1ed71ca0"
+network0_mac="58:9c:fc:0d:13:3f"
 

 

 The uuid and the network0_mac differ for each of the three VMs (the ones being installed on f0, f1 and f2).

@@ -2039,17 +2039,17 @@ network0_mac="58:9c:fc:0d:13:3f"
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
paul@f0:~ % doas vm install rocky Rocky-9.5-x86_64-minimal.iso
-Starting rocky
-  * found guest in /zroot/bhyve/rocky
-  * booting...
+
paul@f0:~ % doas vm install rocky Rocky-9.5-x86_64-minimal.iso
+Starting rocky
+  * found guest in /zroot/bhyve/rocky
+  * booting...
 
-paul@f0:/bhyve/rocky % doas vm list
-NAME   DATASTORE  LOADER  CPU  MEMORY  VNC           AUTO  STATE
-rocky  default    uefi    4    14G     0.0.0.0:5900  No    Locked (f0.lan.buetow.org)
+paul@f0:/bhyve/rocky % doas vm list
+NAME   DATASTORE  LOADER  CPU  MEMORY  VNC           AUTO  STATE
+rocky  default    uefi    4    14G     0.0.0.0:5900  No    Locked (f0.lan.buetow.org)
 
-paul@f0:/bhyve/rocky % doas sockstat -4 | grep 5900
-root     bhyve       6079 8   tcp4   *:5900                *:*
+paul@f0:/bhyve/rocky % doas sockstat -4 | grep 5900
+root     bhyve       6079 8   tcp4   *:5900                *:*
 

 

 Port 5900 now also opens for VNC connections, so I connected it with a VNC client and ran through the installation dialogues. This could be done unattended or more automated, but there are only three VMs to install, and the automation doesn't seem worth it as we do it only once a year or less often.

@@ -2062,9 +2062,9 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
paul@f0:/bhyve/rocky % doas vm stop rocky
-paul@f0:/bhyve/rocky % doas truncate -s 100G disk0.img
-paul@f0:/bhyve/rocky % doas vm install rocky Rocky-9.5-x86_64-minimal.iso
+
paul@f0:/bhyve/rocky % doas vm stop rocky
+paul@f0:/bhyve/rocky % doas truncate -s 100G disk0.img
+paul@f0:/bhyve/rocky % doas vm install rocky Rocky-9.5-x86_64-minimal.iso
 

 

 
Connect to VNC


@@ -2093,9 +2093,9 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
paul@f0:/bhyve/rocky % cat <<END | doas tee -a /etc/rc.conf
-vm_list="rocky"
-vm_delay="5"
+
paul@f0:/bhyve/rocky % cat <<END | doas tee -a /etc/rc.conf
+vm_list="rocky"
+vm_delay="5"
 

 

 The vm_delay isn't really required. It is used to wait 5 seconds before starting each VM, but there is currently only one VM per host. Maybe later, when there are more, this will be useful. After adding, there's now a Yes indicator in the AUTO column.

@@ -2104,9 +2104,9 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
paul@f0:~ % doas vm list
-NAME   DATASTORE  LOADER  CPU  MEMORY  VNC           AUTO     STATE
-rocky  default    uefi    4    14G     0.0.0.0:5900  Yes [1]  Running (2063)
+
paul@f0:~ % doas vm list
+NAME   DATASTORE  LOADER  CPU  MEMORY  VNC           AUTO     STATE
+rocky  default    uefi    4    14G     0.0.0.0:5900  Yes [1]  Running (2063)
 

 

 
Static IP configuration


@@ -2125,11 +2125,11 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
paul@f0:/bhyve/rocky % cat <<END | doas tee -a /etc/hosts
-192.168.1.120 r0 r0.lan r0.lan.buetow.org
-192.168.1.121 r1 r1.lan r1.lan.buetow.org
-192.168.1.122 r2 r2.lan r2.lan.buetow.org
-END
+
paul@f0:/bhyve/rocky % cat <<END | doas tee -a /etc/hosts
+192.168.1.120 r0 r0.lan r0.lan.buetow.org
+192.168.1.121 r1 r1.lan r1.lan.buetow.org
+192.168.1.122 r2 r2.lan r2.lan.buetow.org
+END
 

 

 And we configure the IPs accordingly on the VMs themselves by opening a root shell via SSH to the VMs and entering the following commands on each of the VMs:

@@ -2138,18 +2138,18 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
[root@r0 ~] % dnmcli connection modify enp0s5 ipv4.address 192.168.1.120/24
-[root@r0 ~] % dnmcli connection modify enp0s5 ipv4.gateway 192.168.1.1
-[root@r0 ~] % dnmcli connection modify enp0s5 ipv4.DNS 192.168.1.1
-[root@r0 ~] % dnmcli connection modify enp0s5 ipv4.method manual
-[root@r0 ~] % dnmcli connection down enp0s5
-[root@r0 ~] % dnmcli connection up enp0s5
-[root@r0 ~] % hostnamectl set-hostname r0.lan.buetow.org
-[root@r0 ~] % cat <<END >>/etc/hosts
-192.168.1.120 r0 r0.lan r0.lan.buetow.org
-192.168.1.121 r1 r1.lan r1.lan.buetow.org
-192.168.1.122 r2 r2.lan r2.lan.buetow.org
-END
+
[root@r0 ~] % dnmcli connection modify enp0s5 ipv4.address 192.168.1.120/24
+[root@r0 ~] % dnmcli connection modify enp0s5 ipv4.gateway 192.168.1.1
+[root@r0 ~] % dnmcli connection modify enp0s5 ipv4.DNS 192.168.1.1
+[root@r0 ~] % dnmcli connection modify enp0s5 ipv4.method manual
+[root@r0 ~] % dnmcli connection down enp0s5
+[root@r0 ~] % dnmcli connection up enp0s5
+[root@r0 ~] % hostnamectl set-hostname r0.lan.buetow.org
+[root@r0 ~] % cat <<END >>/etc/hosts
+192.168.1.120 r0 r0.lan r0.lan.buetow.org
+192.168.1.121 r1 r1.lan r1.lan.buetow.org
+192.168.1.122 r2 r2.lan r2.lan.buetow.org
+END
 

 

 Whereas:

@@ -2170,7 +2170,7 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
% for i in 0 1 2; do ssh-copy-id root@r$i.lan.buetow.org; done
+
% for i in 0 1 2; do ssh-copy-id root@r$i.lan.buetow.org; done
 

 

 Then, we edit the /etc/ssh/sshd_config file again on all three VMs and configure PasswordAuthentication no to only allow SSH key authentication from now on.

@@ -2181,8 +2181,8 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
[root@r0 ~] % dnf update
-[root@r0 ~] % reboot
+
[root@r0 ~] % dnf update
+[root@r0 ~] % reboot
 

 

 
Stress testing CPU


@@ -2193,28 +2193,28 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
package main
+
package main
 
-import "testing"
+import "testing"
 
-func BenchmarkCPUSilly1(b *testing.B) {
-	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
-		_ = i * i
-	}
-}
+func BenchmarkCPUSilly1(b *testing.B) {
+	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+		_ = i * i
+	}
+}
 
-func BenchmarkCPUSilly2(b *testing.B) {
-	var sillyResult float64
-	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
-		sillyResult += float64(i)
-		sillyResult *= float64(i)
-		divisor := float64(i) + 1
-		if divisor > 0 {
-			sillyResult /= divisor
-		}
-	}
-	_ = sillyResult // to avoid compiler optimization
-}
+func BenchmarkCPUSilly2(b *testing.B) {
+	var sillyResult float64
+	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+		sillyResult += float64(i)
+		sillyResult *= float64(i)
+		divisor := float64(i) + 1
+		if divisor > 0 {
+			sillyResult /= divisor
+		}
+	}
+	_ = sillyResult // to avoid compiler optimization
+}
 

 

 You can find the repository here:

@@ -2229,10 +2229,10 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
paul@f0:~ % doas pkg install git go
-paul@f0:~ % mkdir ~/git && cd ~/git && \
-  git clone https://codeberg.org/snonux/sillybench && \
-  cd sillybench
+
paul@f0:~ % doas pkg install git go
+paul@f0:~ % mkdir ~/git && cd ~/git && \
+  git clone https://codeberg.org/snonux/sillybench && \
+  cd sillybench
 

 

 And to run it:

@@ -2241,18 +2241,18 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
paul@f0:~/git/sillybench % go version
-go version go1.24.1 freebsd/amd64
+
paul@f0:~/git/sillybench % go version
+go version go1.24.1 freebsd/amd64
 
-paul@f0:~/git/sillybench % go test -bench=.
-goos: freebsd
-goarch: amd64
-pkg: codeberg.org/snonux/sillybench
-cpu: Intel(R) N100
-BenchmarkCPUSilly1-4    1000000000               0.4022 ns/op
-BenchmarkCPUSilly2-4    1000000000               0.4027 ns/op
-PASS
-ok      codeberg.org/snonux/sillybench 0.891s
+paul@f0:~/git/sillybench % go test -bench=.
+goos: freebsd
+goarch: amd64
+pkg: codeberg.org/snonux/sillybench
+cpu: Intel(R) N100
+BenchmarkCPUSilly1-4    1000000000               0.4022 ns/op
+BenchmarkCPUSilly2-4    1000000000               0.4027 ns/op
+PASS
+ok      codeberg.org/snonux/sillybench 0.891s
 

 

 
Silly Rocky Linux VM @ Bhyve benchmark


@@ -2263,10 +2263,10 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
[root@r0 ~]# dnf install golang git
-[root@r0 ~]# mkdir ~/git && cd ~/git && \
-  git clone https://codeberg.org/snonux/sillybench && \
-  cd sillybench
+
[root@r0 ~]# dnf install golang git
+[root@r0 ~]# mkdir ~/git && cd ~/git && \
+  git clone https://codeberg.org/snonux/sillybench && \
+  cd sillybench
 

 

 And to run it:

@@ -2275,15 +2275,15 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
[root@r0 sillybench]# go version
-go version go1.22.9 (Red Hat 1.22.9-2.el9_5) linux/amd64
-[root@r0 sillybench]# go test -bench=.
-goos: linux
-goarch: amd64
-pkg: codeberg.org/snonux/sillybench
-cpu: Intel(R) N100
-BenchmarkCPUSilly1-4    1000000000               0.4347 ns/op
-BenchmarkCPUSilly2-4    1000000000               0.4345 ns/op
+
[root@r0 sillybench]# go version
+go version go1.22.9 (Red Hat 1.22.9-2.el9_5) linux/amd64
+[root@r0 sillybench]# go test -bench=.
+goos: linux
+goarch: amd64
+pkg: codeberg.org/snonux/sillybench
+cpu: Intel(R) N100
+BenchmarkCPUSilly1-4    1000000000               0.4347 ns/op
+BenchmarkCPUSilly2-4    1000000000               0.4345 ns/op
 

 

 The Linux benchmark is slightly slower than the FreeBSD one. The Go version is also a bit older. I tried the same with the up-to-date version of Go (1.24.x) with similar results. There could be a slight Bhyve overhead, or FreeBSD is just slightly more efficient in this benchmark. Overall, this shows that Bhyve performs excellently.

@@ -2298,15 +2298,15 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
root@freebsd:~/git/sillybench # go test -bench=.
-goos: freebsd
-goarch: amd64
-pkg: codeberg.org/snonux/sillybench
-cpu: Intel(R) N100
-BenchmarkCPUSilly1      1000000000               0.4273 ns/op
-BenchmarkCPUSilly2      1000000000               0.4286 ns/op
-PASS
-ok      codeberg.org/snonux/sillybench  0.949s
+
root@freebsd:~/git/sillybench # go test -bench=.
+goos: freebsd
+goarch: amd64
+pkg: codeberg.org/snonux/sillybench
+cpu: Intel(R) N100
+BenchmarkCPUSilly1      1000000000               0.4273 ns/op
+BenchmarkCPUSilly2      1000000000               0.4286 ns/op
+PASS
+ok      codeberg.org/snonux/sillybench  0.949s
 

 

 It's a bit better than Linux! I am sure that this is not really a scientific benchmark, so take the results with a grain of salt!

@@ -2323,16 +2323,16 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
paul@f0:~ % doas ubench -s 1
-Unix Benchmark Utility v.0.3
-Copyright (C) July, 1999 PhysTech, Inc.
-Author: Sergei Viznyuk <sv@phystech.com>
-http://www.phystech.com/download/ubench.html
-FreeBSD 14.2-RELEASE-p1 FreeBSD 14.2-RELEASE-p1 GENERIC amd64
-Ubench Single CPU:   671010 (0.40s)
-Ubench Single MEM:  1705237 (0.48s)
------------------------------------
-Ubench Single AVG:  1188123
+
paul@f0:~ % doas ubench -s 1
+Unix Benchmark Utility v.0.3
+Copyright (C) July, 1999 PhysTech, Inc.
+Author: Sergei Viznyuk <sv@phystech.com>
+http://www.phystech.com/download/ubench.html
+FreeBSD 14.2-RELEASE-p1 FreeBSD 14.2-RELEASE-p1 GENERIC amd64
+Ubench Single CPU:   671010 (0.40s)
+Ubench Single MEM:  1705237 (0.48s)
+-----------------------------------
+Ubench Single AVG:  1188123
 
 

 

@@ -2342,16 +2342,16 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
paul@f0:~ % doas ubench
-Unix Benchmark Utility v.0.3
-Copyright (C) July, 1999 PhysTech, Inc.
-Author: Sergei Viznyuk <sv@phystech.com>
-http://www.phystech.com/download/ubench.html
-FreeBSD 14.2-RELEASE-p1 FreeBSD 14.2-RELEASE-p1 GENERIC amd64
-Ubench CPU:  2660220
-Ubench MEM:  3095182
---------------------
-Ubench AVG:  2877701
+
paul@f0:~ % doas ubench
+Unix Benchmark Utility v.0.3
+Copyright (C) July, 1999 PhysTech, Inc.
+Author: Sergei Viznyuk <sv@phystech.com>
+http://www.phystech.com/download/ubench.html
+FreeBSD 14.2-RELEASE-p1 FreeBSD 14.2-RELEASE-p1 GENERIC amd64
+Ubench CPU:  2660220
+Ubench MEM:  3095182
+--------------------
+Ubench AVG:  2877701
 

 

 
FreeBSD VM @ Bhyve ubench benchmark


@@ -2362,16 +2362,16 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
root@freebsd:~ # ubench -s 1
-Unix Benchmark Utility v.0.3
-Copyright (C) July, 1999 PhysTech, Inc.
-Author: Sergei Viznyuk <sv@phystech.com>
-http://www.phystech.com/download/ubench.html
-FreeBSD 14.2-RELEASE-p1 FreeBSD 14.2-RELEASE-p1 GENERIC amd64
-Ubench Single CPU:   672792 (0.40s)
-Ubench Single MEM:   852757 (0.48s)
------------------------------------
-Ubench Single AVG:   762774
+
root@freebsd:~ # ubench -s 1
+Unix Benchmark Utility v.0.3
+Copyright (C) July, 1999 PhysTech, Inc.
+Author: Sergei Viznyuk <sv@phystech.com>
+http://www.phystech.com/download/ubench.html
+FreeBSD 14.2-RELEASE-p1 FreeBSD 14.2-RELEASE-p1 GENERIC amd64
+Ubench Single CPU:   672792 (0.40s)
+Ubench Single MEM:   852757 (0.48s)
+-----------------------------------
+Ubench Single AVG:   762774
 

 

 Wow, the CPU in the VM was a tiny bit faster than on the host! So this was probably just a glitch in the matrix. Memory seems slower, though.

@@ -2382,24 +2382,24 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
root@freebsd:~ # ubench
-Unix Benchmark Utility v.0.3
-Copyright (C) July, 1999 PhysTech, Inc.
-Author: Sergei Viznyuk <sv@phystech.com>
-http://www.phystech.com/download/ubench.html
-FreeBSD 14.2-RELEASE-p1 FreeBSD 14.2-RELEASE-p1 GENERIC amd64
-Ubench CPU:  2652857
-swap_pager: out of swap space
-swp_pager_getswapspace(27): failed
-swap_pager: out of swap space
-swp_pager_getswapspace(18): failed
-Apr  4 23:02:43 freebsd kernel: pid 862 (ubench), jid 0, uid 0, was killed: failed to reclaim memory
-swp_pager_getswapspace(6): failed
-Apr  4 23:02:46 freebsd kernel: pid 863 (ubench), jid 0, uid 0, was killed: failed to reclaim memory
-Apr  4 23:02:47 freebsd kernel: pid 864 (ubench), jid 0, uid 0, was killed: failed to reclaim memory
-Apr  4 23:02:48 freebsd kernel: pid 865 (ubench), jid 0, uid 0, was killed: failed to reclaim memory
-Apr  4 23:02:49 freebsd kernel: pid 861 (ubench), jid 0, uid 0, was killed: failed to reclaim memory
-Apr  4 23:02:51 freebsd kernel: pid 839 (ubench), jid 0, uid 0, was killed: failed to reclaim memory
+
root@freebsd:~ # ubench
+Unix Benchmark Utility v.0.3
+Copyright (C) July, 1999 PhysTech, Inc.
+Author: Sergei Viznyuk <sv@phystech.com>
+http://www.phystech.com/download/ubench.html
+FreeBSD 14.2-RELEASE-p1 FreeBSD 14.2-RELEASE-p1 GENERIC amd64
+Ubench CPU:  2652857
+swap_pager: out of swap space
+swp_pager_getswapspace(27): failed
+swap_pager: out of swap space
+swp_pager_getswapspace(18): failed
+Apr  4 23:02:43 freebsd kernel: pid 862 (ubench), jid 0, uid 0, was killed: failed to reclaim memory
+swp_pager_getswapspace(6): failed
+Apr  4 23:02:46 freebsd kernel: pid 863 (ubench), jid 0, uid 0, was killed: failed to reclaim memory
+Apr  4 23:02:47 freebsd kernel: pid 864 (ubench), jid 0, uid 0, was killed: failed to reclaim memory
+Apr  4 23:02:48 freebsd kernel: pid 865 (ubench), jid 0, uid 0, was killed: failed to reclaim memory
+Apr  4 23:02:49 freebsd kernel: pid 861 (ubench), jid 0, uid 0, was killed: failed to reclaim memory
+Apr  4 23:02:51 freebsd kernel: pid 839 (ubench), jid 0, uid 0, was killed: failed to reclaim memory
 

 

 The multi-CPU benchmark in the Bhyve VM ran with almost identical results to the FreeBSD host system. However, the memory benchmark failed with out-of-swap space errors. I am unsure why, as the VM has 14GB RAM, but I am not investigating further.

@@ -2533,8 +2533,8 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
git clone https://codeberg.org/snonux/gos.git
-cd gos
+
git clone https://codeberg.org/snonux/gos.git
+cd gos
 

 

 Build the binaries:

@@ -2543,10 +2543,10 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
go build -o gos ./cmd/gos
-go build -o gosc ./cmd/gosc
-sudo mv gos ~/go/bin
-sudo mv gosc ~/go/bin
+
go build -o gos ./cmd/gos
+go build -o gosc ./cmd/gosc
+sudo mv gos ~/go/bin
+sudo mv gosc ~/go/bin
 

 

 Or, if you want to use the Taskfile:

@@ -2555,7 +2555,7 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
go-task install
+
go-task install
 

 

 
Configuration


@@ -2568,13 +2568,13 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
{
-  "MastodonURL": "https://mastodon.example.com",
-  "MastodonAccessToken": "your-mastodon-access-token",
-  "LinkedInClientID": "your-linkedin-client-id",
-  "LinkedInSecret": "your-linkedin-client-secret",
-  "LinkedInRedirectURL": "http://localhost:8080/callback",
-}
+
{
+  "MastodonURL": "https://mastodon.example.com",
+  "MastodonAccessToken": "your-mastodon-access-token",
+  "LinkedInClientID": "your-linkedin-client-id",
+  "LinkedInSecret": "your-linkedin-client-secret",
+  "LinkedInRedirectURL": "http://localhost:8080/callback",
+}
 

 

 
Configuration fields


@@ -2630,7 +2630,7 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
./gos --dry
+
./gos --dry
 

 

 *Normal run*

@@ -2641,7 +2641,7 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
./gos 
+
./gos 
 

 

 :-)

@@ -2806,7 +2806,7 @@ Hello World :-)
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
gos --geminiSummaryFor 202410,202411,202412
+
gos --geminiSummaryFor 202410,202411,202412
 

 

 This outputs the summary for the three specified months, as shown in the example. The summary includes posts from all social media networks but removes duplicates.

@@ -2818,7 +2818,7 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
gos --gemtexterEnable --geminiSummaryFor 202410,202411,202412
+
gos --gemtexterEnable --geminiSummaryFor 202410,202411,202412
 

 

 Gemtexter

@@ -2829,7 +2829,7 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
gos --gemtexterEnable --geminiSummaryFor 202410,202411,202412 --geminiCapsules "foo.zone,paul.buetow.org"
+
gos --gemtexterEnable --geminiSummaryFor 202410,202411,202412 --geminiCapsules "foo.zone,paul.buetow.org"
 

 

 It will then also generate Gemini Gemtext links in the summary page and flag them with (Gemini).

@@ -2924,25 +2924,25 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
package main
+
package main
 
-import "log"
+import "log"
 
-type fun func() string
+type fun func() string
 
-func (f fun) Bar() string {
-        return "Bar"
-}
+func (f fun) Bar() string {
+        return "Bar"
+}
 
-func main() {
-        var f fun = func() string {
-                return "Foo"
-        }
-        log.Println("Example 1: ", f())
-        log.Println("Example 2: ", f.Bar())
-        log.Println("Example 3: ", fun(f.Bar).Bar())
-        log.Println("Example 4: ", fun(fun(f.Bar).Bar).Bar())
-}
+func main() {
+        var f fun = func() string {
+                return "Foo"
+        }
+        log.Println("Example 1: ", f())
+        log.Println("Example 2: ", f.Bar())
+        log.Println("Example 3: ", fun(f.Bar).Bar())
+        log.Println("Example 4: ", fun(fun(f.Bar).Bar).Bar())
+}
 

 

 It runs just fine:

@@ -2951,11 +2951,11 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
❯ go run main.go
-2025/02/07 22:56:14 Example 1:  Foo
-2025/02/07 22:56:14 Example 2:  Bar
-2025/02/07 22:56:14 Example 3:  Bar
-2025/02/07 22:56:14 Example 4:  Bar
+
❯ go run main.go
+2025/02/07 22:56:14 Example 1:  Foo
+2025/02/07 22:56:14 Example 2:  Bar
+2025/02/07 22:56:14 Example 3:  Bar
+2025/02/07 22:56:14 Example 4:  Bar
 

 

 
macOS


@@ -2974,20 +2974,20 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
❯ touch Maß
-❯ ls -l
--rw-r--r--@ 1 paul  wheel  0 Feb  7 23:02 Maß
-❯ touch Mass
-❯ ls -l
--rw-r--r--@ 1 paul  wheel  0 Feb  7 23:02 Maß
-❯ rm Mass
-❯ ls -l
+
❯ touch Maß
+❯ ls -l
+-rw-r--r--@ 1 paul  wheel  0 Feb  7 23:02 Maß
+❯ touch Mass
+❯ ls -l
+-rw-r--r--@ 1 paul  wheel  0 Feb  7 23:02 Maß
+❯ rm Mass
+❯ ls -l
 
-❯ touch Mass
-❯ ls -ltr
--rw-r--r--@ 1 paul  wheel  0 Feb  7 23:02 Mass
-❯ rm Maß
-❯ ls -l
+❯ touch Mass
+❯ ls -ltr
+-rw-r--r--@ 1 paul  wheel  0 Feb  7 23:02 Mass
+❯ rm Maß
+❯ ls -l
 
 

 

@@ -3031,16 +3031,16 @@ ADFS::4.$.Documents.Techwriter.Myfile
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
arr = {10, 20, 30, 40, 50}
-print(arr[1]) -- Accessing the first element
+
arr = {10, 20, 30, 40, 50}
+print(arr[1]) -- Accessing the first element
 

 

 
-
❯ lua foo.lua
-10
+
❯ lua foo.lua
+10
 

 

 One-based indexing is more natural for human-readable, mathematical, and theoretical contexts, where counting traditionally starts from one.

@@ -3055,45 +3055,45 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
# (C) 2006 by Paul C. Buetow
+
# (C) 2006 by Paul C. Buetow
 
-Christmas:{time;#!!!
+Christmas:{time;#!!!
 
-Children: do tell $wishes;
+Children: do tell $wishes;
 
-Santa: for $each (@children) { 
-BEGIN { read $each, $their, wishes and study them; use Memoize#ing
+Santa: for $each (@children) { 
+BEGIN { read $each, $their, wishes and study them; use Memoize#ing
 
-} use constant gift, 'wrapping'; 
-package Gifts; pack $each, gift and bless $each and goto deliver
-or do import if not local $available,!!! HO, HO, HO;
+} use constant gift, 'wrapping'; 
+package Gifts; pack $each, gift and bless $each and goto deliver
+or do import if not local $available,!!! HO, HO, HO;
 
-redo Santa, pipe $gifts, to_childs;
-redo Santa and do return if last one, is, delivered; 
+redo Santa, pipe $gifts, to_childs;
+redo Santa and do return if last one, is, delivered; 
 
-deliver: gift and require diagnostics if our $gifts ,not break;
-do{ use NEXT; time; tied $gifts} if broken and dump the, broken, ones;
-The_children: sleep and wait for (each %gift) and try { to => untie $gifts };
+deliver: gift and require diagnostics if our $gifts ,not break;
+do{ use NEXT; time; tied $gifts} if broken and dump the, broken, ones;
+The_children: sleep and wait for (each %gift) and try { to => untie $gifts };
 
-redo Santa, pipe $gifts, to_childs;
-redo Santa and do return if last one, is, delivered; 
+redo Santa, pipe $gifts, to_childs;
+redo Santa and do return if last one, is, delivered; 
 
-The_christmas_tree: formline s/ /childrens/, $gifts;
-alarm and warn if not exists $Christmas{ tree}, @t, $ENV{HOME};  
-write <<EMail
- to the parents to buy a new christmas tree!!!!111
- and send the
-EMail
-;wait and redo deliver until defined local $tree;
+The_christmas_tree: formline s/ /childrens/, $gifts;
+alarm and warn if not exists $Christmas{ tree}, @t, $ENV{HOME};  
+write <<EMail
+ to the parents to buy a new christmas tree!!!!111
+ and send the
+EMail
+;wait and redo deliver until defined local $tree;
 
-redo Santa, pipe $gifts, to_childs;
-redo Santa and do return if last one, is, delivered ;}
+redo Santa, pipe $gifts, to_childs;
+redo Santa and do return if last one, is, delivered ;}
 
-END {} our $mission and do sleep until next Christmas ;}
+END {} our $mission and do sleep until next Christmas ;}
 
-__END__
+__END__
 
-This is perl, v5.8.8 built for i386-freebsd-64int
+This is perl, v5.8.8 built for i386-freebsd-64int
 

 

 More Perl Poetry of mine

@@ -3190,11 +3190,11 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
paul@f0: ~ % doas freebsd-update fetch
-paul@f0: ~ % doas freebsd-update install
-paul@f0: ~ % doas freebsd-update -r 14.2-RELEASE upgrade
-paul@f0: ~ % doas freebsd-update install
-paul@f0: ~ % doas shutdown -r now
+
paul@f0: ~ % doas freebsd-update fetch
+paul@f0: ~ % doas freebsd-update install
+paul@f0: ~ % doas freebsd-update -r 14.2-RELEASE upgrade
+paul@f0: ~ % doas freebsd-update install
+paul@f0: ~ % doas shutdown -r now
 

 

 And after rebooting, I ran:

@@ -3203,10 +3203,10 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
paul@f0: ~ % doas freebsd-update install
-paul@f0: ~ % doas pkg update
-paul@f0: ~ % doas pkg upgrade
-paul@f0: ~ % doas shutdown -r now
+
paul@f0: ~ % doas freebsd-update install
+paul@f0: ~ % doas pkg update
+paul@f0: ~ % doas pkg upgrade
+paul@f0: ~ % doas shutdown -r now
 

 

 And after another reboot, I was on 14.2:

@@ -3215,9 +3215,9 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
paul@f0:~ % uname -a
-FreeBSD f0.lan.buetow.org 14.2-RELEASE FreeBSD 14.2-RELEASE 
- releng/14.2-n269506-c8918d6c7412 GENERIC amd64
+
paul@f0:~ % uname -a
+FreeBSD f0.lan.buetow.org 14.2-RELEASE FreeBSD 14.2-RELEASE 
+ releng/14.2-n269506-c8918d6c7412 GENERIC amd64
 

 

 And, of course, I ran this on all 3 nodes!

@@ -3263,8 +3263,8 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
paul@f0: ~ % doas dmesg | grep UPS
-ugen0.2: <American Power Conversion Back-UPS BX750MI> at usbus0
+
paul@f0: ~ % doas dmesg | grep UPS
+ugen0.2: <American Power Conversion Back-UPS BX750MI> at usbus0
 

 

 
apcupsd Installation


@@ -3275,7 +3275,7 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
paul@f0: ~ % doas install apcupsd
+
paul@f0: ~ % doas install apcupsd
 

 

 I have made the following modifications to the configuration file so that the UPS can be used via the USB interface:

@@ -3284,29 +3284,29 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
paul@f0:/usr/local/etc/apcupsd % diff -u apcupsd.conf.sample  apcupsd.conf
---- apcupsd.conf.sample 2024-11-01 16:40:42.000000000 +0200
-+++ apcupsd.conf        2024-12-03 10:58:24.009501000 +0200
-@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
- #     940-1524C, 940-0024G, 940-0095A, 940-0095B,
- #     940-0095C, 940-0625A, M-04-02-2000
- #
--UPSCABLE smart
-+UPSCABLE usb
+
paul@f0:/usr/local/etc/apcupsd % diff -u apcupsd.conf.sample  apcupsd.conf
+--- apcupsd.conf.sample 2024-11-01 16:40:42.000000000 +0200
++++ apcupsd.conf        2024-12-03 10:58:24.009501000 +0200
+@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
+ #     940-1524C, 940-0024G, 940-0095A, 940-0095B,
+ #     940-0095C, 940-0625A, M-04-02-2000
+ #
+-UPSCABLE smart
++UPSCABLE usb
 
- # To get apcupsd to work, in addition to defining the cable
- # above, you must also define a UPSTYPE, which corresponds to
-@@ -88,8 +88,10 @@
- #                            that apcupsd binds to that particular unit
- #                            (helpful if you have more than one USB UPS).
- #
--UPSTYPE apcsmart
--DEVICE /dev/usv
-+UPSTYPE usb
-+DEVICE
+ # To get apcupsd to work, in addition to defining the cable
+ # above, you must also define a UPSTYPE, which corresponds to
+@@ -88,8 +88,10 @@
+ #                            that apcupsd binds to that particular unit
+ #                            (helpful if you have more than one USB UPS).
+ #
+-UPSTYPE apcsmart
+-DEVICE /dev/usv
++UPSTYPE usb
++DEVICE
 
- # POLLTIME <int>
- #   Interval (in seconds) at which apcupsd polls the UPS for status. This
+ # POLLTIME <int>
+ #   Interval (in seconds) at which apcupsd polls the UPS for status. This
 

 

 I left the remaining settings as the default ones; for example, the following are of main interest:

@@ -3329,10 +3329,10 @@ MINUTES 3
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
paul@f0:/usr/local/etc/apcupsd % doas sysrc apcupsd_enable=YES
-apcupsd_enable:  -> YES
-paul@f0:/usr/local/etc/apcupsd % doas service apcupsd start
-Starting apcupsd.
+
paul@f0:/usr/local/etc/apcupsd % doas sysrc apcupsd_enable=YES
+apcupsd_enable:  -> YES
+paul@f0:/usr/local/etc/apcupsd % doas service apcupsd start
+Starting apcupsd.
 

 

 
UPS Connectivity Test


@@ -3343,43 +3343,43 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
paul@f0:~ % apcaccess
-APC      : 001,035,0857
-DATE     : 2025-01-26 14:43:27 +0200
-HOSTNAME : f0.lan.buetow.org
-VERSION  : 3.14.14 (31 May 2016) freebsd
-UPSNAME  : f0.lan.buetow.org
-CABLE    : USB Cable
-DRIVER   : USB UPS Driver
-UPSMODE  : Stand Alone
-STARTTIME: 2025-01-26 14:43:25 +0200
-MODEL    : Back-UPS BX750MI
-STATUS   : ONLINE
-LINEV    : 230.0 Volts
-LOADPCT  : 4.0 Percent
-BCHARGE  : 100.0 Percent
-TIMELEFT : 65.3 Minutes
-MBATTCHG : 5 Percent
-MINTIMEL : 3 Minutes
-MAXTIME  : 0 Seconds
-SENSE    : Medium
-LOTRANS  : 145.0 Volts
-HITRANS  : 295.0 Volts
-ALARMDEL : No alarm
-BATTV    : 13.6 Volts
-LASTXFER : Automatic or explicit self test
-NUMXFERS : 0
-TONBATT  : 0 Seconds
-CUMONBATT: 0 Seconds
-XOFFBATT : N/A
-SELFTEST : NG
-STATFLAG : 0x05000008
-SERIALNO : 9B2414A03599
-BATTDATE : 2001-01-01
-NOMINV   : 230 Volts
-NOMBATTV : 12.0 Volts
-NOMPOWER : 410 Watts
-END APC  : 2025-01-26 14:44:06 +0200
+
paul@f0:~ % apcaccess
+APC      : 001,035,0857
+DATE     : 2025-01-26 14:43:27 +0200
+HOSTNAME : f0.lan.buetow.org
+VERSION  : 3.14.14 (31 May 2016) freebsd
+UPSNAME  : f0.lan.buetow.org
+CABLE    : USB Cable
+DRIVER   : USB UPS Driver
+UPSMODE  : Stand Alone
+STARTTIME: 2025-01-26 14:43:25 +0200
+MODEL    : Back-UPS BX750MI
+STATUS   : ONLINE
+LINEV    : 230.0 Volts
+LOADPCT  : 4.0 Percent
+BCHARGE  : 100.0 Percent
+TIMELEFT : 65.3 Minutes
+MBATTCHG : 5 Percent
+MINTIMEL : 3 Minutes
+MAXTIME  : 0 Seconds
+SENSE    : Medium
+LOTRANS  : 145.0 Volts
+HITRANS  : 295.0 Volts
+ALARMDEL : No alarm
+BATTV    : 13.6 Volts
+LASTXFER : Automatic or explicit self test
+NUMXFERS : 0
+TONBATT  : 0 Seconds
+CUMONBATT: 0 Seconds
+XOFFBATT : N/A
+SELFTEST : NG
+STATFLAG : 0x05000008
+SERIALNO : 9B2414A03599
+BATTDATE : 2001-01-01
+NOMINV   : 230 Volts
+NOMBATTV : 12.0 Volts
+NOMPOWER : 410 Watts
+END APC  : 2025-01-26 14:44:06 +0200
 

 

 
APC Info on Partner Nodes:


@@ -3398,10 +3398,10 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
paul@f1:~ % apcaccess -h f0.lan.buetow.org | grep Percent
-LOADPCT  : 12.0 Percent
-BCHARGE  : 94.0 Percent
-MBATTCHG : 5 Percent
+
paul@f1:~ % apcaccess -h f0.lan.buetow.org | grep Percent
+LOADPCT  : 12.0 Percent
+BCHARGE  : 94.0 Percent
+MBATTCHG : 5 Percent
 

 

 But I want the daemon to be configured and enabled in such a way that it connects to the master UPS node (the one with the UPS connected via USB) so that it can also initiate a system shutdown when the UPS battery reaches low levels. For that, apcupsd itself needs to be aware of the UPS status.

@@ -3412,52 +3412,52 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
paul@f2:/usr/local/etc/apcupsd % diff -u apcupsd.conf.sample apcupsd.conf
---- apcupsd.conf.sample 2024-11-01 16:40:42.000000000 +0200
-+++ apcupsd.conf        2025-01-26 15:52:45.108469000 +0200
-@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
- #     940-1524C, 940-0024G, 940-0095A, 940-0095B,
- #     940-0095C, 940-0625A, M-04-02-2000
- #
--UPSCABLE smart
-+UPSCABLE ether
-
- # To get apcupsd to work, in addition to defining the cable
- # above, you must also define a UPSTYPE, which corresponds to
-@@ -52,7 +52,6 @@
- #                            Network Information Server. This is used if the
- #                            UPS powering your computer is connected to a
- #                            different computer for monitoring.
--#
- # snmp      hostname:port:vendor:community
- #                            SNMP network link to an SNMP-enabled UPS device.
- #                            Hostname is the ip address or hostname of the UPS
-@@ -88,8 +87,8 @@
- #                            that apcupsd binds to that particular unit
- #                            (helpful if you have more than one USB UPS).
- #
--UPSTYPE apcsmart
--DEVICE /dev/usv
-+UPSTYPE net
-+DEVICE f0.lan.buetow.org:3551
-
- # POLLTIME <int>
- #   Interval (in seconds) at which apcupsd polls the UPS for status. This
-@@ -147,12 +146,12 @@
- # If during a power failure, the remaining battery percentage
- # (as reported by the UPS) is below or equal to BATTERYLEVEL,
- # apcupsd will initiate a system shutdown.
--BATTERYLEVEL 5
-+BATTERYLEVEL 10
-
- # If during a power failure, the remaining runtime in minutes
- # (as calculated internally by the UPS) is below or equal to MINUTES,
- # apcupsd, will initiate a system shutdown.
--MINUTES 3
-+MINUTES 6
-
- # If during a power failure, the UPS has run on batteries for TIMEOUT
- # many seconds or longer, apcupsd will initiate a system shutdown.
+
paul@f2:/usr/local/etc/apcupsd % diff -u apcupsd.conf.sample apcupsd.conf
+--- apcupsd.conf.sample 2024-11-01 16:40:42.000000000 +0200
++++ apcupsd.conf        2025-01-26 15:52:45.108469000 +0200
+@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
+ #     940-1524C, 940-0024G, 940-0095A, 940-0095B,
+ #     940-0095C, 940-0625A, M-04-02-2000
+ #
+-UPSCABLE smart
++UPSCABLE ether
+
+ # To get apcupsd to work, in addition to defining the cable
+ # above, you must also define a UPSTYPE, which corresponds to
+@@ -52,7 +52,6 @@
+ #                            Network Information Server. This is used if the
+ #                            UPS powering your computer is connected to a
+ #                            different computer for monitoring.
+-#
+ # snmp      hostname:port:vendor:community
+ #                            SNMP network link to an SNMP-enabled UPS device.
+ #                            Hostname is the ip address or hostname of the UPS
+@@ -88,8 +87,8 @@
+ #                            that apcupsd binds to that particular unit
+ #                            (helpful if you have more than one USB UPS).
+ #
+-UPSTYPE apcsmart
+-DEVICE /dev/usv
++UPSTYPE net
++DEVICE f0.lan.buetow.org:3551
+
+ # POLLTIME <int>
+ #   Interval (in seconds) at which apcupsd polls the UPS for status. This
+@@ -147,12 +146,12 @@
+ # If during a power failure, the remaining battery percentage
+ # (as reported by the UPS) is below or equal to BATTERYLEVEL,
+ # apcupsd will initiate a system shutdown.
+-BATTERYLEVEL 5
++BATTERYLEVEL 10
+
+ # If during a power failure, the remaining runtime in minutes
+ # (as calculated internally by the UPS) is below or equal to MINUTES,
+ # apcupsd, will initiate a system shutdown.
+-MINUTES 3
++MINUTES 6
+
+ # If during a power failure, the UPS has run on batteries for TIMEOUT
+ # many seconds or longer, apcupsd will initiate a system shutdown.
 
 

 So I also ran the following commands on f1 and f2:

@@ -3466,10 +3466,10 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
paul@f1:/usr/local/etc/apcupsd % doas sysrc apcupsd_enable=YES
-apcupsd_enable:  -> YES
-paul@f1:/usr/local/etc/apcupsd % doas service apcupsd start
-Starting apcupsd.
+
paul@f1:/usr/local/etc/apcupsd % doas sysrc apcupsd_enable=YES
+apcupsd_enable:  -> YES
+paul@f1:/usr/local/etc/apcupsd % doas service apcupsd start
+Starting apcupsd.
 

 

 And then I was able to connect to localhost via the apcaccess command:

@@ -3478,10 +3478,10 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
paul@f1:~ % doas apcaccess | grep Percent
-LOADPCT  : 5.0 Percent
-BCHARGE  : 95.0 Percent
-MBATTCHG : 5 Percent
+
paul@f1:~ % doas apcaccess | grep Percent
+LOADPCT  : 5.0 Percent
+BCHARGE  : 95.0 Percent
+MBATTCHG : 5 Percent
 

 

 
Power outage simulation


@@ -3503,8 +3503,8 @@ Power failure. Running on UPS batteries.
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
paul@f0:/usr/local/etc/apcupsd % apcaccess -p TIMELEFT
-63.9 Minutes
+
paul@f0:/usr/local/etc/apcupsd % apcaccess -p TIMELEFT
+63.9 Minutes
 

 

 And after around one hour (f1 and f2 a bit earlier, f0 a bit later due to the different BATTERYLEVEL and MINUTES settings outlined earlier), the following broadcast was sent out:

@@ -4272,9 +4272,9 @@ Jan 26 17:36:32 f2 apcupsd[2159]: apcupsd shutdown succeeded
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
[paul@earth]~/Downloads% sudo dd \
-  if=FreeBSD-14.1-RELEASE-amd64-bootonly.iso \
-  of=/dev/sda conv=sync
+
[paul@earth]~/Downloads% sudo dd \
+  if=FreeBSD-14.1-RELEASE-amd64-bootonly.iso \
+  of=/dev/sda conv=sync
 

 

 Next, I plugged the Beelinks (one after another) into my monitor via HDMI (the resolution of the FreeBSD text console seems strangely stretched, as I am using the LG Dual Up monitor), connected Ethernet, an external USB keyboard, and the FreeBSD USB stick, and booted the devices up. With F7, I entered the boot menu and selected the USB stick for the FreeBSD installation.

@@ -4300,9 +4300,9 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
root@f0:~ # freebsd-update fetch
-root@f0:~ # freebsd-update install
-root@f0:~ # freebsd-update reboot
+
root@f0:~ # freebsd-update fetch
+root@f0:~ # freebsd-update install
+root@f0:~ # freebsd-update reboot
 

 

 I also added the following entries for the three FreeBSD boxes to the /etc/hosts file:

@@ -4311,11 +4311,11 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
root@f0:~ # cat <<END >>/etc/hosts
-192.168.1.130 f0 f0.lan f0.lan.buetow.org
-192.168.1.131 f1 f1.lan f1.lan.buetow.org
-192.168.1.132 f2 f2.lan f2.lan.buetow.org
-END
+
root@f0:~ # cat <<END >>/etc/hosts
+192.168.1.130 f0 f0.lan f0.lan.buetow.org
+192.168.1.131 f1 f1.lan f1.lan.buetow.org
+192.168.1.132 f2 f2.lan f2.lan.buetow.org
+END
 

 

 You might wonder why bother using the hosts file? Why not use DNS properly? The reason is simplicity. I don't manage 100 hosts, only a few here and there. Having an OpenWRT router in my home, I could also configure everything there, but maybe I'll do that later. For now, keep it simple and straightforward.

@@ -4328,7 +4328,7 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
root@f0:~ # pkg install helix doas zfs-periodic uptimed
+
root@f0:~ # pkg install helix doas zfs-periodic uptimed
 

 

 
Helix editor


@@ -4345,7 +4345,7 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
root@f0:~ # cp /usr/local/etc/doas.conf.sample /usr/local/etc/doas.conf
+
root@f0:~ # cp /usr/local/etc/doas.conf.sample /usr/local/etc/doas.conf
 

 

 https://man.openbsd.org/doas

@@ -4358,17 +4358,17 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
root@f0:~ # cat <<END >>/etc/periodic.conf
-daily_zfs_snapshot_enable="YES"
-daily_zfs_snapshot_pools="zroot"
-daily_zfs_snapshot_keep="7"
-weekly_zfs_snapshot_enable="YES"
-weekly_zfs_snapshot_pools="zroot"
-weekly_zfs_snapshot_keep="5"
-monthly_zfs_snapshot_enable="YES"
-monthly_zfs_snapshot_pools="zroot"
-monthly_zfs_snapshot_keep="6"
-END
+
root@f0:~ # cat <<END >>/etc/periodic.conf
+daily_zfs_snapshot_enable="YES"
+daily_zfs_snapshot_pools="zroot"
+daily_zfs_snapshot_keep="7"
+weekly_zfs_snapshot_enable="YES"
+weekly_zfs_snapshot_pools="zroot"
+weekly_zfs_snapshot_keep="5"
+monthly_zfs_snapshot_enable="YES"
+monthly_zfs_snapshot_pools="zroot"
+monthly_zfs_snapshot_keep="6"
+END
 

 

 https://github.com/ross/zfs-periodic

@@ -4381,9 +4381,9 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
root@f0:~ # cp /usr/local/mimecast/etc/uptimed.conf-dist \
-  /usr/local/mimecast/etc/uptimed.conf 
-root@f0:~ # hx /usr/local/mimecast/etc/uptimed.conf
+
root@f0:~ # cp /usr/local/mimecast/etc/uptimed.conf-dist \
+  /usr/local/mimecast/etc/uptimed.conf 
+root@f0:~ # hx /usr/local/mimecast/etc/uptimed.conf
 

 

 In the Helix editor session, I changed LOG_MAXIMUM_ENTRIES to 0 to keep all uptime entries forever and not cut off at 50 (the default config). After that, I enabled and started uptimed:

@@ -4392,8 +4392,8 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
root@f0:~ # service uptimed enable
-root@f0:~ # service uptimed start
+
root@f0:~ # service uptimed enable
+root@f0:~ # service uptimed start
 

 

 To check the current uptime stats, I can now run uprecords:

@@ -4402,15 +4402,15 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
 root@f0:~ # uprecords
-     #               Uptime | System                                     Boot up
-----------------------------+---------------------------------------------------
-->   1     0 days, 00:07:34 | FreeBSD 14.1-RELEASE      Mon Dec  2 12:21:44 2024
-----------------------------+---------------------------------------------------
-NewRec     0 days, 00:07:33 | since                     Mon Dec  2 12:21:44 2024
-    up     0 days, 00:07:34 | since                     Mon Dec  2 12:21:44 2024
-  down     0 days, 00:00:00 | since                     Mon Dec  2 12:21:44 2024
-   %up              100.000 | since                     Mon Dec  2 12:21:44 2024
+
 root@f0:~ # uprecords
+     #               Uptime | System                                     Boot up
+----------------------------+---------------------------------------------------
+->   1     0 days, 00:07:34 | FreeBSD 14.1-RELEASE      Mon Dec  2 12:21:44 2024
+----------------------------+---------------------------------------------------
+NewRec     0 days, 00:07:33 | since                     Mon Dec  2 12:21:44 2024
+    up     0 days, 00:07:34 | since                     Mon Dec  2 12:21:44 2024
+  down     0 days, 00:00:00 | since                     Mon Dec  2 12:21:44 2024
+   %up              100.000 | since                     Mon Dec  2 12:21:44 2024
 

 

 This is how I track the uptimes for all of my host:

@@ -4428,17 +4428,17 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
paul@f0:~ % ifconfig re0
-re0: flags=1008843<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST,LOWER_UP> metric 0 mtu 1500
-        options=8209b<RXCSUM,TXCSUM,VLAN_MTU,VLAN_HWTAGGING,VLAN_HWCSUM,WOL_MAGIC,LINKSTATE>
-        ether e8:ff:1e:d7:1c:ac
-        inet 192.168.1.130 netmask 0xffffff00 broadcast 192.168.1.255
-        inet6 fe80::eaff:1eff:fed7:1cac%re0 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x1
-        inet6 fd22:c702:acb7:0:eaff:1eff:fed7:1cac prefixlen 64 detached autoconf
-        inet6 2a01:5a8:304:1d5c:eaff:1eff:fed7:1cac prefixlen 64 autoconf pltime 10800 vltime 14400
-        media: Ethernet autoselect (1000baseT <full-duplex>)
-        status: active
-        nd6 options=23<PERFORMNUD,ACCEPT_RTADV,AUTO_LINKLOCAL>
+
paul@f0:~ % ifconfig re0
+re0: flags=1008843<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST,LOWER_UP> metric 0 mtu 1500
+        options=8209b<RXCSUM,TXCSUM,VLAN_MTU,VLAN_HWTAGGING,VLAN_HWCSUM,WOL_MAGIC,LINKSTATE>
+        ether e8:ff:1e:d7:1c:ac
+        inet 192.168.1.130 netmask 0xffffff00 broadcast 192.168.1.255
+        inet6 fe80::eaff:1eff:fed7:1cac%re0 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x1
+        inet6 fd22:c702:acb7:0:eaff:1eff:fed7:1cac prefixlen 64 detached autoconf
+        inet6 2a01:5a8:304:1d5c:eaff:1eff:fed7:1cac prefixlen 64 autoconf pltime 10800 vltime 14400
+        media: Ethernet autoselect (1000baseT <full-duplex>)
+        status: active
+        nd6 options=23<PERFORMNUD,ACCEPT_RTADV,AUTO_LINKLOCAL>
 

 

 
RAM


@@ -4449,8 +4449,8 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
paul@f0:~ % sysctl hw.physmem
-hw.physmem: 16902905856
+
paul@f0:~ % sysctl hw.physmem
+hw.physmem: 16902905856
 
 

 

@@ -4462,11 +4462,11 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
paul@f0:~ % sysctl dev.cpu | grep freq:
-dev.cpu.3.freq: 705
-dev.cpu.2.freq: 705
-dev.cpu.1.freq: 604
-dev.cpu.0.freq: 604
+
paul@f0:~ % sysctl dev.cpu | grep freq:
+dev.cpu.3.freq: 705
+dev.cpu.2.freq: 705
+dev.cpu.1.freq: 604
+dev.cpu.0.freq: 604
 

 

 
CPU throttling


@@ -4477,14 +4477,14 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
paul@f0:~ % doas pkg install ubench
-paul@f0:~ % rehash # For tcsh to find the newly installed command
-paul@f0:~ % ubench &
-paul@f0:~ % sysctl dev.cpu | grep freq:
-dev.cpu.3.freq: 2922
-dev.cpu.2.freq: 2922
-dev.cpu.1.freq: 2923
-dev.cpu.0.freq: 2922
+
paul@f0:~ % doas pkg install ubench
+paul@f0:~ % rehash # For tcsh to find the newly installed command
+paul@f0:~ % ubench &
+paul@f0:~ % sysctl dev.cpu | grep freq:
+dev.cpu.3.freq: 2922
+dev.cpu.2.freq: 2922
+dev.cpu.1.freq: 2923
+dev.cpu.0.freq: 2922
 

 

 Idle, all three Beelinks plus the switch consumed 26.2W. But with ubench stressing all the CPUs, it went up to 38.8W.

@@ -4948,7 +4948,7 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
declare -xr HTML_THEME_DIR=./extras/html/themes/simple
+
declare -xr HTML_THEME_DIR=./extras/html/themes/simple
 

 

 To customize the theme or create your own, simply copy the theme directory and modify it as needed. This makes it also much easier to switch between layouts.

@@ -5582,52 +5582,52 @@ WHOA!! 	     ( o.o )
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
❯ traceroute -m 60 bad.horse
-traceroute to bad.horse (162.252.205.157), 60 hops max, 60 byte packets
- 1  _gateway (192.168.1.1)  5.237 ms  5.264 ms  6.009 ms
- 2  77-85-0-2.ip.btc-net.bg (77.85.0.2)  8.753 ms  7.112 ms  8.336 ms
- 3  212-39-69-103.ip.btc-net.bg (212.39.69.103)  9.434 ms  9.268 ms  9.986 ms
- 4  * * *
- 5  xe-1-2-0.mpr1.fra4.de.above.net (80.81.194.26)  39.812 ms  39.030 ms  39.772 ms
- 6  * ae12.cs1.fra6.de.eth.zayo.com (64.125.26.172)  123.576 ms *
- 7  * * *
- 8  * * *
- 9  ae10.cr1.lhr15.uk.eth.zayo.com (64.125.29.17)  119.097 ms  119.478 ms  120.767 ms
-10  ae2.cr1.lhr11.uk.zip.zayo.com (64.125.24.140)  120.398 ms  121.147 ms  120.948 ms
-11  * * *
-12  ae25.mpr1.yyz1.ca.zip.zayo.com (64.125.23.117)  145.072 ms *  181.773 ms
-13  ae5.mpr1.tor3.ca.zip.zayo.com (64.125.23.118)  168.239 ms  168.158 ms  168.137 ms
-14  64.124.217.237.IDIA-265104-ZYO.zip.zayo.com (64.124.217.237)  168.026 ms  167.999 ms  165.451 ms
-15  * * *
-16  t00.toroc1.on.ca.sn11.net (162.252.204.2)  131.598 ms  131.308 ms  131.482 ms
-17  bad.horse (162.252.205.130)  131.430 ms  145.914 ms  130.514 ms
-18  bad.horse (162.252.205.131)  136.634 ms  145.295 ms  135.631 ms
-19  bad.horse (162.252.205.132)  139.158 ms  148.363 ms  138.934 ms
-20  bad.horse (162.252.205.133)  145.395 ms  148.054 ms  147.140 ms
-21  he.rides.across.the.nation (162.252.205.134)  149.687 ms  147.731 ms  150.135 ms
-22  the.thoroughbred.of.sin (162.252.205.135)  156.644 ms  155.155 ms  156.447 ms
-23  he.got.the.application (162.252.205.136)  161.187 ms  162.318 ms  162.674 ms
-24  that.you.just.sent.in (162.252.205.137)  166.763 ms  166.675 ms  164.243 ms
-25  it.needs.evaluation (162.252.205.138)  172.073 ms  171.919 ms  171.390 ms
-26  so.let.the.games.begin (162.252.205.139)  175.386 ms  174.180 ms  175.965 ms
-27  a.heinous.crime (162.252.205.140)  180.857 ms  180.766 ms  180.192 ms
-28  a.show.of.force (162.252.205.141)  187.942 ms  186.669 ms  186.986 ms
-29  a.murder.would.be.nice.of.course (162.252.205.142)  191.349 ms  191.939 ms  190.740 ms
-30  bad.horse (162.252.205.143)  195.425 ms  195.716 ms  196.186 ms
-31  bad.horse (162.252.205.144)  199.238 ms  200.620 ms  200.318 ms
-32  bad.horse (162.252.205.145)  207.554 ms  206.729 ms  205.201 ms
-33  he-s.bad (162.252.205.146)  211.087 ms  211.649 ms  211.712 ms
-34  the.evil.league.of.evil (162.252.205.147)  212.657 ms  216.777 ms  216.589 ms
-35  is.watching.so.beware (162.252.205.148)  220.911 ms  220.326 ms  221.961 ms
-36  the.grade.that.you.receive (162.252.205.149)  225.384 ms  225.696 ms  225.640 ms
-37  will.be.your.last.we.swear (162.252.205.150)  232.312 ms  230.989 ms  230.919 ms
-38  so.make.the.bad.horse.gleeful (162.252.205.151)  235.761 ms  235.291 ms  235.585 ms
-39  or.he-ll.make.you.his.mare (162.252.205.152)  241.350 ms  239.407 ms  238.394 ms
-40  o_o (162.252.205.153)  246.154 ms  247.650 ms  247.110 ms
-41  you-re.saddled.up (162.252.205.154)  250.925 ms  250.401 ms  250.619 ms
-42  there-s.no.recourse (162.252.205.155)  256.071 ms  251.154 ms  255.340 ms
-43  it-s.hi-ho.silver (162.252.205.156)  260.152 ms  261.775 ms  261.544 ms
-44  signed.bad.horse (162.252.205.157)  262.430 ms  261.410 ms  261.365 ms
+
❯ traceroute -m 60 bad.horse
+traceroute to bad.horse (162.252.205.157), 60 hops max, 60 byte packets
+ 1  _gateway (192.168.1.1)  5.237 ms  5.264 ms  6.009 ms
+ 2  77-85-0-2.ip.btc-net.bg (77.85.0.2)  8.753 ms  7.112 ms  8.336 ms
+ 3  212-39-69-103.ip.btc-net.bg (212.39.69.103)  9.434 ms  9.268 ms  9.986 ms
+ 4  * * *
+ 5  xe-1-2-0.mpr1.fra4.de.above.net (80.81.194.26)  39.812 ms  39.030 ms  39.772 ms
+ 6  * ae12.cs1.fra6.de.eth.zayo.com (64.125.26.172)  123.576 ms *
+ 7  * * *
+ 8  * * *
+ 9  ae10.cr1.lhr15.uk.eth.zayo.com (64.125.29.17)  119.097 ms  119.478 ms  120.767 ms
+10  ae2.cr1.lhr11.uk.zip.zayo.com (64.125.24.140)  120.398 ms  121.147 ms  120.948 ms
+11  * * *
+12  ae25.mpr1.yyz1.ca.zip.zayo.com (64.125.23.117)  145.072 ms *  181.773 ms
+13  ae5.mpr1.tor3.ca.zip.zayo.com (64.125.23.118)  168.239 ms  168.158 ms  168.137 ms
+14  64.124.217.237.IDIA-265104-ZYO.zip.zayo.com (64.124.217.237)  168.026 ms  167.999 ms  165.451 ms
+15  * * *
+16  t00.toroc1.on.ca.sn11.net (162.252.204.2)  131.598 ms  131.308 ms  131.482 ms
+17  bad.horse (162.252.205.130)  131.430 ms  145.914 ms  130.514 ms
+18  bad.horse (162.252.205.131)  136.634 ms  145.295 ms  135.631 ms
+19  bad.horse (162.252.205.132)  139.158 ms  148.363 ms  138.934 ms
+20  bad.horse (162.252.205.133)  145.395 ms  148.054 ms  147.140 ms
+21  he.rides.across.the.nation (162.252.205.134)  149.687 ms  147.731 ms  150.135 ms
+22  the.thoroughbred.of.sin (162.252.205.135)  156.644 ms  155.155 ms  156.447 ms
+23  he.got.the.application (162.252.205.136)  161.187 ms  162.318 ms  162.674 ms
+24  that.you.just.sent.in (162.252.205.137)  166.763 ms  166.675 ms  164.243 ms
+25  it.needs.evaluation (162.252.205.138)  172.073 ms  171.919 ms  171.390 ms
+26  so.let.the.games.begin (162.252.205.139)  175.386 ms  174.180 ms  175.965 ms
+27  a.heinous.crime (162.252.205.140)  180.857 ms  180.766 ms  180.192 ms
+28  a.show.of.force (162.252.205.141)  187.942 ms  186.669 ms  186.986 ms
+29  a.murder.would.be.nice.of.course (162.252.205.142)  191.349 ms  191.939 ms  190.740 ms
+30  bad.horse (162.252.205.143)  195.425 ms  195.716 ms  196.186 ms
+31  bad.horse (162.252.205.144)  199.238 ms  200.620 ms  200.318 ms
+32  bad.horse (162.252.205.145)  207.554 ms  206.729 ms  205.201 ms
+33  he-s.bad (162.252.205.146)  211.087 ms  211.649 ms  211.712 ms
+34  the.evil.league.of.evil (162.252.205.147)  212.657 ms  216.777 ms  216.589 ms
+35  is.watching.so.beware (162.252.205.148)  220.911 ms  220.326 ms  221.961 ms
+36  the.grade.that.you.receive (162.252.205.149)  225.384 ms  225.696 ms  225.640 ms
+37  will.be.your.last.we.swear (162.252.205.150)  232.312 ms  230.989 ms  230.919 ms
+38  so.make.the.bad.horse.gleeful (162.252.205.151)  235.761 ms  235.291 ms  235.585 ms
+39  or.he-ll.make.you.his.mare (162.252.205.152)  241.350 ms  239.407 ms  238.394 ms
+40  o_o (162.252.205.153)  246.154 ms  247.650 ms  247.110 ms
+41  you-re.saddled.up (162.252.205.154)  250.925 ms  250.401 ms  250.619 ms
+42  there-s.no.recourse (162.252.205.155)  256.071 ms  251.154 ms  255.340 ms
+43  it-s.hi-ho.silver (162.252.205.156)  260.152 ms  261.775 ms  261.544 ms
+44  signed.bad.horse (162.252.205.157)  262.430 ms  261.410 ms  261.365 ms
 

 

 
2. ASCII cinema


@@ -5655,20 +5655,20 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
#include <stdio.h>
+
#include <stdio.h>
 
-int main(void) {
-  int array[5] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
+int main(void) {
+  int array[5] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
 
-  for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
-    printf("%d\n", array[i]);
+  for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
+    printf("%d\n", array[i]);
 
-  for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
-    printf("%d\n", i[array]);
+  for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
+    printf("%d\n", i[array]);
 
-  for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
-    printf("%d\n", *(i + array));
-}
+  for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
+    printf("%d\n", *(i + array));
+}
 

 

 
5. Variables with prefix $


@@ -5679,20 +5679,20 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
#include <stdio.h>
+
#include <stdio.h>
 
-int main(void) {
-  int $array[5] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
+int main(void) {
+  int $array[5] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
 
-  for (int $i = 0; $i < 5; $i++)
-    printf("%d\n", $array[$i]);
+  for (int $i = 0; $i < 5; $i++)
+    printf("%d\n", $array[$i]);
 
-  for (int $i = 0; $i < 5; $i++)
-    printf("%d\n", $i[$array]);
+  for (int $i = 0; $i < 5; $i++)
+    printf("%d\n", $i[$array]);
 
-  for (int $i = 0; $i < 5; $i++)
-    printf("%d\n", *($i + $array));
-}
+  for (int $i = 0; $i < 5; $i++)
+    printf("%d\n", *($i + $array));
+}
 

 

 
6. Object oriented shell scripts using ksh


@@ -5703,40 +5703,40 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
#!/usr/bin/ksh93
- 
-typeset -T Point_t=(
-    integer -h 'x coordinate' x=0
-    integer -h 'y coordinate' y=0
-    typeset -h 'point color'  color="red"
+
#!/usr/bin/ksh93
+ 
+typeset -T Point_t=(
+    integer -h 'x coordinate' x=0
+    integer -h 'y coordinate' y=0
+    typeset -h 'point color'  color="red"
 
-    function getcolor {
-        print -r ${_.color}
-    }
+    function getcolor {
+        print -r ${_.color}
+    }
 
-    function setcolor {
-        _.color=$1
-    }
+    function setcolor {
+        _.color=$1
+    }
 
-    setxy() {
-        _.x=$1; _.y=$2
-    }
+    setxy() {
+        _.x=$1; _.y=$2
+    }
 
-    getxy() {
-        print -r "(${_.x},${_.y})"
-    }
-)
- 
-Point_t point
- 
-echo "Initial coordinates are (${point.x},${point.y}). Color is ${point.color}"
- 
-point.setxy 5 6
-point.setcolor blue
- 
-echo "New coordinates are ${point.getxy}. Color is ${point.getcolor}"
- 
-exit 0
+    getxy() {
+        print -r "(${_.x},${_.y})"
+    }
+)
+ 
+Point_t point
+ 
+echo "Initial coordinates are (${point.x},${point.y}). Color is ${point.color}"
+ 
+point.setxy 5 6
+point.setcolor blue
+ 
+echo "New coordinates are ${point.getxy}. Color is ${point.getcolor}"
+ 
+exit 0
 

 

 Using types to create object oriented Korn shell 93 scripts

@@ -5749,18 +5749,18 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
package main
+
package main
 
-import "fmt"
+import "fmt"
 
-func main() {
-	var i int
-	f := func() *int {
-		return &i
-	}
-	*f()++
-	fmt.Println(i)
-}
+func main() {
+	var i int
+	f := func() *int {
+		return &i
+	}
+	*f()++
+	fmt.Println(i)
+}
 

 

 Go playground

@@ -6015,13 +6015,13 @@ jgs   `-=========-`()
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
alias tm=tmux
-alias tl='tmux list-sessions'
-alias tn=tmux::new
-alias ta=tmux::attach
-alias tx=tmux::remote
-alias ts=tmux::search
-alias tssh=tmux::cluster_ssh
+
alias tm=tmux
+alias tl='tmux list-sessions'
+alias tn=tmux::new
+alias ta=tmux::attach
+alias tx=tmux::remote
+alias ts=tmux::search
+alias tssh=tmux::cluster_ssh
 

 

 Note all tmux::...; those are custom shell functions doing certain things, and they aren't part of the Tmux distribution. But let's run through every aliases one by one. 

@@ -6036,23 +6036,23 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
# Create new session and if alread exists attach to it
-tmux::new () {
-    readonly session=$1
-    local date=date
-    if where gdate &>/dev/null; then
-        date=gdate
-    fi
+
# Create new session and if alread exists attach to it
+tmux::new () {
+    readonly session=$1
+    local date=date
+    if where gdate &>/dev/null; then
+        date=gdate
+    fi
 
-    tmux::cleanup_default
-    if [ -z "$session" ]; then
-        tmux::new T$($date +%s)
-    else
-        tmux new-session -d -s $session
-        tmux -2 attach-session -t $session || tmux -2 switch-client -t $session
-    fi
-}
-alias tn=tmux::new
+    tmux::cleanup_default
+    if [ -z "$session" ]; then
+        tmux::new T$($date +%s)
+    else
+        tmux new-session -d -s $session
+        tmux -2 attach-session -t $session || tmux -2 switch-client -t $session
+    fi
+}
+alias tn=tmux::new
 

 

 There is a lot going on here. Let's have a detailed look at what it is doing. As a note, the function relies on GNU Date, so MacOS is looking for the gdate commands to be available. Otherwise, it will fall back to date. You need to install GNU Date for Mac, as it isn't installed by default there. As I use Fedora Linux on my personal Laptop and a MacBook for work, I have to make it work for both.

@@ -6067,14 +6067,14 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
tmux::cleanup_default () {
-    local s
-    tmux list-sessions | grep '^T.*: ' | grep -F -v attached |
-    cut -d: -f1 | while read -r s; do
-        echo "Killing $s"
-        tmux kill-session -t "$s"
-    done
-}
+
tmux::cleanup_default () {
+    local s
+    tmux list-sessions | grep '^T.*: ' | grep -F -v attached |
+    cut -d: -f1 | while read -r s; do
+        echo "Killing $s"
+        tmux kill-session -t "$s"
+    done
+}
 

 

 The cleanup function kills all open Tmux sessions that haven't been renamed properly yet—but only if they aren't attached (e.g., don't run in the foreground in any terminal). Cleaning them up automatically keeps my Tmux sessions as neat and tidy as possible. 

@@ -6091,16 +6091,16 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
tmux::attach () {
-    readonly session=$1
+
tmux::attach () {
+    readonly session=$1
 
-    if [ -z "$session" ]; then
-        tmux attach-session || tmux::new
-    else
-        tmux attach-session -t $session || tmux::new $session
-    fi
-}
-alias ta=tmux::attach
+    if [ -z "$session" ]; then
+        tmux attach-session || tmux::new
+    else
+        tmux attach-session -t $session || tmux::new $session
+    fi
+}
+alias ta=tmux::attach
 

 

 If no session is specified (as the argument of the function), it will try to attach to the first open session. If no Tmux server is running, it will create a new one with tmux::new. Otherwise, with a session name given as the argument, it will attach to it. If unsuccessful (e.g., the session doesn't exist), it will be created and attached to.

@@ -6113,12 +6113,12 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
tmux::remote () {
-    readonly server=$1
-    tmux new -s $server "ssh -t $server 'tmux attach-session || tmux'" || \
-        tmux attach-session -d -t $server
-}
-alias tr=tmux::remote
+
tmux::remote () {
+    readonly server=$1
+    tmux new -s $server "ssh -t $server 'tmux attach-session || tmux'" || \
+        tmux attach-session -d -t $server
+}
+alias tr=tmux::remote
 

 

 
Change of the Tmux prefix for better nesting


@@ -6141,15 +6141,15 @@ set-option -g prefix C-g
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
tmux::search () {
-    local -r session=$(tmux list-sessions | fzf | cut -d: -f1)
-    if [ -z "$TMUX" ]; then
-        tmux attach-session -t $session
-    else
-        tmux switch -t $session
-    fi
-}
-alias ts=tmux::search
+
tmux::search () {
+    local -r session=$(tmux list-sessions | fzf | cut -d: -f1)
+    if [ -z "$TMUX" ]; then
+        tmux attach-session -t $session
+    else
+        tmux switch -t $session
+    fi
+}
+alias ts=tmux::search
 

 

 All it does is list all currently open sessions in fzf, where one of them can be searched and selected through fuzzy find, and then either switch (if already inside a session) to the other session or attach to the other session (if not yet in Tmux).

@@ -6176,15 +6176,15 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
tmux::cluster_ssh () {
-    if [ -f "$1" ]; then
-        tmux::tssh_from_file $1
-        return
-    fi
+
tmux::cluster_ssh () {
+    if [ -f "$1" ]; then
+        tmux::tssh_from_file $1
+        return
+    fi
 
-    tmux::tssh_from_argument $@
-}
-alias tssh=tmux::cluster_ssh
+    tmux::tssh_from_argument $@
+}
+alias tssh=tmux::cluster_ssh
 

 

 This function is just a wrapper around the more complex tmux::tssh_from_file and tmux::tssh_from_argument functions, as you have learned already. Most of the magic happens there.

@@ -6197,23 +6197,23 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
tmux::tssh_from_argument () {
-    local -r session=$1; shift
-    local first_server=$1; shift
+
tmux::tssh_from_argument () {
+    local -r session=$1; shift
+    local first_server=$1; shift
 
-    tmux new-session -d -s $session "ssh -t $first_server"
-    if ! tmux list-session | grep "^$session:"; then
-        echo "Could not create session $session"
-        return 2
-    fi
+    tmux new-session -d -s $session "ssh -t $first_server"
+    if ! tmux list-session | grep "^$session:"; then
+        echo "Could not create session $session"
+        return 2
+    fi
 
-    for server in "${@[@]}"; do
-        tmux split-window -t $session "tmux select-layout tiled; ssh -t $server"
-    done
+    for server in "${@[@]}"; do
+        tmux split-window -t $session "tmux select-layout tiled; ssh -t $server"
+    done
 
-    tmux setw -t $session synchronize-panes on
-    tmux -2 attach-session -t $session | tmux -2 switch-client -t $session
-}
+    tmux setw -t $session synchronize-panes on
+    tmux -2 attach-session -t $session | tmux -2 switch-client -t $session
+}
 

 

 It expects at least two arguments. The first argument is the session name to create for the clustered SSH session. All other arguments are server hostnames or FQDNs to which to connect. The first one is used to make the initial session. All remaining ones are added to that session with tmux split-window -t $session.... At the end, we enable synchronized panes by default, so whenever you type, the commands will be sent to every SSH connection, thus allowing the neat ClusterSSH feature to run commands on multiple servers simultaneously. Once done, we attach (or switch, if already in Tmux) to it.

@@ -6233,12 +6233,12 @@ bind-key P setw synchronize-panes on
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
tmux::tssh_from_file () {
-    local -r serverlist=$1; shift
-    local -r session=$(basename $serverlist | cut -d. -f1)
+
tmux::tssh_from_file () {
+    local -r serverlist=$1; shift
+    local -r session=$(basename $serverlist | cut -d. -f1)
 
-    tmux::tssh_from_argument $session $(awk '{ print $1} ' $serverlist | sed 's/.lan./.lan/g')
-}
+    tmux::tssh_from_argument $session $(awk '{ print $1} ' $serverlist | sed 's/.lan./.lan/g')
+}
 

 

 
tssh examples


@@ -6586,12 +6586,12 @@ Art by Laura Brown
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
Cluster :UK, :uk01 do
-  Customer.C1A1.segments.volumes.each do |volume|
-    puts volume.usage_stats
-    volume.move_off! if volume.over_subscribed?
-  end
-end
+
Cluster :UK, :uk01 do
+  Customer.C1A1.segments.volumes.each do |volume|
+    puts volume.usage_stats
+    volume.move_off! if volume.over_subscribed?
+  end
+end
 

 

 I am abandoning this project because my workplace has stopped the annual pet project competition, and I have other more important projects to work on at the moment.

@@ -6967,38 +6967,38 @@ _____|_:_:_|  (o)-(o)  |_:_:_|--'`-.     ,--. ksh under-water (((\'/
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
#!/bin/ksh
+
#!/bin/ksh
 
-ZONES_DIR=/var/nsd/zones/master/
-DEFAULT_MASTER=fishfinger.buetow.org
-DEFAULT_STANDBY=blowfish.buetow.org
+ZONES_DIR=/var/nsd/zones/master/
+DEFAULT_MASTER=fishfinger.buetow.org
+DEFAULT_STANDBY=blowfish.buetow.org
 
-determine_master_and_standby () {
-    local master=$DEFAULT_MASTER
-    local standby=$DEFAULT_STANDBY
+determine_master_and_standby () {
+    local master=$DEFAULT_MASTER
+    local standby=$DEFAULT_STANDBY
 
-    .
-    .
-    .
-    
-    local -i health_ok=1
-    if ! ftp -4 -o - https://$master/index.txt | grep -q "Welcome to $master"; then
-        echo "https://$master/index.txt IPv4 health check failed"
-        health_ok=0
-    elif ! ftp -6 -o - https://$master/index.txt | grep -q "Welcome to $master"; then
-        echo "https://$master/index.txt IPv6 health check failed"
-        health_ok=0
-    fi
-    if [ $health_ok -eq 0 ]; then
-        local tmp=$master
-        master=$standby
-        standby=$tmp
-    fi
+    .
+    .
+    .
+    
+    local -i health_ok=1
+    if ! ftp -4 -o - https://$master/index.txt | grep -q "Welcome to $master"; then
+        echo "https://$master/index.txt IPv4 health check failed"
+        health_ok=0
+    elif ! ftp -6 -o - https://$master/index.txt | grep -q "Welcome to $master"; then
+        echo "https://$master/index.txt IPv6 health check failed"
+        health_ok=0
+    fi
+    if [ $health_ok -eq 0 ]; then
+        local tmp=$master
+        master=$standby
+        standby=$tmp
+    fi
 
-    .
-    .
-    .
-}
+    .
+    .
+    .
+}
 

 

 The failover scripts looks for the  ; Enable failover string in the DNS zone files and swaps the A and AAAA records of the DNS entries accordingly:

@@ -7007,42 +7007,42 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
fishfinger$ grep failover /var/nsd/zones/master/foo.zone.zone
-        300 IN A 46.23.94.99 ; Enable failover
-        300 IN AAAA 2a03:6000:6f67:624::99 ; Enable failover
-www     300 IN A 46.23.94.99 ; Enable failover
-www     300 IN AAAA 2a03:6000:6f67:624::99 ; Enable failover
-standby  300 IN A 23.88.35.144 ; Enable failover
-standby  300 IN AAAA 2a01:4f8:c17:20f1::42 ; Enable failover
+
fishfinger$ grep failover /var/nsd/zones/master/foo.zone.zone
+        300 IN A 46.23.94.99 ; Enable failover
+        300 IN AAAA 2a03:6000:6f67:624::99 ; Enable failover
+www     300 IN A 46.23.94.99 ; Enable failover
+www     300 IN AAAA 2a03:6000:6f67:624::99 ; Enable failover
+standby  300 IN A 23.88.35.144 ; Enable failover
+standby  300 IN AAAA 2a01:4f8:c17:20f1::42 ; Enable failover
 

 

 
-
transform () {
-  sed -E '
-	/IN A .*; Enable failover/ {
-	    /^standby/! {
-	        s/^(.*) 300 IN A (.*) ; (.*)/\1 300 IN A '$(cat /var/nsd/run/master_a)' ; \3/;
-	    }
-	    /^standby/ {
-	        s/^(.*) 300 IN A (.*) ; (.*)/\1 300 IN A '$(cat /var/nsd/run/standby_a)' ; \3/;
-	    }
-	}
-	/IN AAAA .*; Enable failover/ {
-	    /^standby/! {
-	        s/^(.*) 300 IN AAAA (.*) ; (.*)/\1 300 IN AAAA '$(cat /var/nsd/run/master_aaaa)' ; \3/;
-	    }
-	    /^standby/ {
-	        s/^(.*) 300 IN AAAA (.*) ; (.*)/\1 300 IN AAAA '$(cat /var/nsd/run/standby_aaaa)' ; \3/;
-	    }
-	}
-	/ ; serial/ {
-	    s/^( +) ([0-9]+) .*; (.*)/\1 '$(date +%s)' ; \3/;
-	}
-  '
-}
+
transform () {
+  sed -E '
+	/IN A .*; Enable failover/ {
+	    /^standby/! {
+	        s/^(.*) 300 IN A (.*) ; (.*)/\1 300 IN A '$(cat /var/nsd/run/master_a)' ; \3/;
+	    }
+	    /^standby/ {
+	        s/^(.*) 300 IN A (.*) ; (.*)/\1 300 IN A '$(cat /var/nsd/run/standby_a)' ; \3/;
+	    }
+	}
+	/IN AAAA .*; Enable failover/ {
+	    /^standby/! {
+	        s/^(.*) 300 IN AAAA (.*) ; (.*)/\1 300 IN AAAA '$(cat /var/nsd/run/master_aaaa)' ; \3/;
+	    }
+	    /^standby/ {
+	        s/^(.*) 300 IN AAAA (.*) ; (.*)/\1 300 IN AAAA '$(cat /var/nsd/run/standby_aaaa)' ; \3/;
+	    }
+	}
+	/ ; serial/ {
+	    s/^( +) ([0-9]+) .*; (.*)/\1 '$(date +%s)' ; \3/;
+	}
+  '
+}
 

 

 After the failover, the script reloads nsd and performs a sanity check to see if DNS still works. If not, a rollback will be performed:

@@ -7051,48 +7051,48 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
#! Race condition !#
-   
-if [ -f $zone_file.bak ]; then
-    mv $zone_file.bak $zone_file
-fi
+
#! Race condition !#
+   
+if [ -f $zone_file.bak ]; then
+    mv $zone_file.bak $zone_file
+fi
 
-cat $zone_file | transform > $zone_file.new.tmp 
+cat $zone_file | transform > $zone_file.new.tmp 
 
-grep -v ' ; serial' $zone_file.new.tmp > $zone_file.new.noserial.tmp
-grep -v ' ; serial' $zone_file > $zone_file.old.noserial.tmp
+grep -v ' ; serial' $zone_file.new.tmp > $zone_file.new.noserial.tmp
+grep -v ' ; serial' $zone_file > $zone_file.old.noserial.tmp
 
-echo "Has zone $zone_file changed?"
-if diff -u $zone_file.old.noserial.tmp $zone_file.new.noserial.tmp; then
-    echo "The zone $zone_file hasn't changed"
-    rm $zone_file.*.tmp
-    return 0
-fi
+echo "Has zone $zone_file changed?"
+if diff -u $zone_file.old.noserial.tmp $zone_file.new.noserial.tmp; then
+    echo "The zone $zone_file hasn't changed"
+    rm $zone_file.*.tmp
+    return 0
+fi
 
-cp $zone_file $zone_file.bak
-mv $zone_file.new.tmp $zone_file
-rm $zone_file.*.tmp
-echo "Reloading nsd"
-nsd-control reload
+cp $zone_file $zone_file.bak
+mv $zone_file.new.tmp $zone_file
+rm $zone_file.*.tmp
+echo "Reloading nsd"
+nsd-control reload
 
-if ! zone_is_ok $zone; then
-    echo "Rolling back $zone_file changes"
-    cp $zone_file $zone_file.invalid
-    mv $zone_file.bak $zone_file
-    echo "Reloading nsd"
-    nsd-control reload
-    zone_is_ok $zone
-    return 3
-fi
+if ! zone_is_ok $zone; then
+    echo "Rolling back $zone_file changes"
+    cp $zone_file $zone_file.invalid
+    mv $zone_file.bak $zone_file
+    echo "Reloading nsd"
+    nsd-control reload
+    zone_is_ok $zone
+    return 3
+fi
 
-for cleanup in invalid bak; do
-    if [ -f $zone_file.$cleanup ]; then
-        rm $zone_file.$cleanup
-    fi
-done
+for cleanup in invalid bak; do
+    if [ -f $zone_file.$cleanup ]; then
+        rm $zone_file.$cleanup
+    fi
+done
 
-echo "Failover of zone $zone to $MASTER completed"
-return 1
+echo "Failover of zone $zone to $MASTER completed"
+return 1
 

 

 A non-zero return code (here, 3 when a rollback and 1 when a DNS failover was performed) will cause CRON to send an E-Mail with the whole script output.

@@ -7149,13 +7149,13 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
# Weekly auto-failover for Let's Encrypt automation
-local -i -r week_of_the_year=$(date +%U)
-if [ $(( week_of_the_year % 2 )) -eq 0 ]; then
-    local tmp=$master
-    master=$standby
-    standby=$tmp
-fi
+
# Weekly auto-failover for Let's Encrypt automation
+local -i -r week_of_the_year=$(date +%U)
+if [ $(( week_of_the_year % 2 )) -eq 0 ]; then
+    local tmp=$master
+    master=$standby
+    standby=$tmp
+fi
 

 

 This way, a DNS failover is performed weekly so that the ACME automation can update the Let's Encrypt certificates (for master and standby) before they expire on each VM.

@@ -7534,8 +7534,8 @@ SSFISHKISSFISHKISSFISHKISSFISHKIS    SFIS
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
$ doas installboot sd0 # Update the bootloader (not for every upgrade required)
-$ doas sysupgrade # Update all binaries (including Kernel)
+
$ doas installboot sd0 # Update the bootloader (not for every upgrade required)
+$ doas sysupgrade # Update all binaries (including Kernel)
 

 

 sysupgrade downloaded and upgraded to the next release and rebooted the system. After the reboot, I run:

@@ -7544,9 +7544,9 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
$ doas sysmerge # Update system configuration files
-$ doas pkg_add -u # Update all packages
-$ doas reboot # Just in case, reboot one more time
+
$ doas sysmerge # Update system configuration files
+$ doas pkg_add -u # Update all packages
+$ doas reboot # Just in case, reboot one more time
 

 

 That's it! Took me around 5 minutes in total! No issues, only these few comands, only 5 minutes! It just works! No problems, no conflicts, no tons (actually none) config file merge conflicts.

@@ -7715,24 +7715,24 @@ jgs^^^^^^^`^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
#!/usr/bin/env bash
 
-log () {
-    local -r level="$1"; shift
-    local -r message="$1"; shift
-    local -i pid="$$"
+log () {
+    local -r level="$1"; shift
+    local -r message="$1"; shift
+    local -i pid="$$"
 
-    local -r callee=${FUNCNAME[1]}
-    local -r stamp=$(date +%Y%m%d-%H%M%S)
+    local -r callee=${FUNCNAME[1]}
+    local -r stamp=$(date +%Y%m%d-%H%M%S)
 
-    echo "$level|$stamp|$pid|$callee|$message" >&2
-}
+    echo "$level|$stamp|$pid|$callee|$message" >&2
+}
 
-at_home_friday_evening () {
-    log INFO 'One Peperoni Pizza, please'
-}
+at_home_friday_evening () {
+    log INFO 'One Peperoni Pizza, please'
+}
 
-at_home_friday_evening
+at_home_friday_evening
 

 

 The output is as follows:

@@ -7741,8 +7741,8 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
❯ ./logexample.sh
-INFO|20231210-082732|123002|at_home_friday_evening|One Peperoni Pizza, please
+
❯ ./logexample.sh
+INFO|20231210-082732|123002|at_home_friday_evening|One Peperoni Pizza, please
 

 

 
:(){ :|:& };:


@@ -7776,18 +7776,18 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
#!/usr/bin/env bash
 
-outer() {
-  inner() {
-    echo 'Intel inside!'
-  }
-  inner
-}
+outer() {
+  inner() {
+    echo 'Intel inside!'
+  }
+  inner
+}
 
-inner
-outer
-inner
+inner
+outer
+inner
 

 

 And let's execute it:

@@ -7805,26 +7805,26 @@ Intel inside!
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
#!/usr/bin/env bash
 
-outer1() {
-  inner() {
-    echo 'Intel inside!'
-  }
-  inner
-}
+outer1() {
+  inner() {
+    echo 'Intel inside!'
+  }
+  inner
+}
 
-outer2() {
-  inner() {
-    echo 'Wintel inside!'
-  }
-  inner
-}
+outer2() {
+  inner() {
+    echo 'Wintel inside!'
+  }
+  inner
+}
 
-outer1
-inner
-outer2
-inner
+outer1
+inner
+outer2
+inner
 

 

 And let's run it:

@@ -7845,14 +7845,14 @@ Wintel inside!
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
#!/usr/bin/env bash
 
-some_expensive_operations() {
-  echo "Doing expensive operations with '$1' from pid $$"
-}
+some_expensive_operations() {
+  echo "Doing expensive operations with '$1' from pid $$"
+}
 
-for i in {0..9}; do echo $i; done \
-  | xargs -P10 -I{} bash -c 'some_expensive_operations "{}"'
+for i in {0..9}; do echo $i; done \
+  | xargs -P10 -I{} bash -c 'some_expensive_operations "{}"'
 

 

 We try here to run ten parallel processes; each of them should run the some_expensive_operations function with a different argument. The arguments are provided to xargs through STDIN one per line. When executed, we get this:

@@ -7877,15 +7877,15 @@ bash: line 1: some_expensive_operations: command not found
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
#!/usr/bin/env bash
 
-some_expensive_operations() {
-  echo "Doing expensive operations with '$1' from pid $$"
-}
-export -f some_expensive_operations
+some_expensive_operations() {
+  echo "Doing expensive operations with '$1' from pid $$"
+}
+export -f some_expensive_operations
 
-for i in {0..9}; do echo $i; done \
-  | xargs -P10 -I{} bash -c 'some_expensive_operations "{}"'
+for i in {0..9}; do echo $i; done \
+  | xargs -P10 -I{} bash -c 'some_expensive_operations "{}"'
 

 

 When we run this now, we get:

@@ -7910,19 +7910,19 @@ Doing expensive operations with '9' from pid 132840
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
#!/usr/bin/env bash
 
-some_other_function() {
-  echo "$1"
-}
+some_other_function() {
+  echo "$1"
+}
 
-some_expensive_operations() {
-  some_other_function "Doing expensive operations with '$1' from pid $$"
-}
-export -f some_expensive_operations
+some_expensive_operations() {
+  some_other_function "Doing expensive operations with '$1' from pid $$"
+}
+export -f some_expensive_operations
 
-for i in {0..9}; do echo $i; done \
-  | xargs -P10 -I{} bash -c 'some_expensive_operations "{}"'
+for i in {0..9}; do echo $i; done \
+  | xargs -P10 -I{} bash -c 'some_expensive_operations "{}"'
 

 

 ... because some_other_function isn't exported! You will also need to add an export -f some_other_function!

@@ -7935,22 +7935,22 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
#!/usr/bin/env bash
 
-foo() {
-  local foo=bar # Declare local/dynamic variable
-  bar
-  echo "$foo"
-}
+foo() {
+  local foo=bar # Declare local/dynamic variable
+  bar
+  echo "$foo"
+}
 
-bar() {
-  echo "$foo"
-  foo=baz
-}
+bar() {
+  echo "$foo"
+  foo=baz
+}
 
-foo=foo # Declare global variable
-foo # Call function foo
-echo "$foo"
+foo=foo # Declare global variable
+foo # Call function foo
+echo "$foo"
 

 

 Let's pause a minute. What do you think the output would be?

@@ -7975,34 +7975,34 @@ foo
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
#!/usr/bin/env bash
 
-declare -r foo=foo
-declare -r bar=bar
+declare -r foo=foo
+declare -r bar=bar
 
-if [ "$foo" = foo ]; then
-  if [ "$bar" = bar ]; then
-    echo ok1
-  fi
-fi
+if [ "$foo" = foo ]; then
+  if [ "$bar" = bar ]; then
+    echo ok1
+  fi
+fi
 
-if [ "$foo" = foo ] && [ "$bar" == bar ]; then
-  echo ok2a
-fi
+if [ "$foo" = foo ] && [ "$bar" == bar ]; then
+  echo ok2a
+fi
 
-[ "$foo" = foo ] && [ "$bar" == bar ] && echo ok2b
+[ "$foo" = foo ] && [ "$bar" == bar ] && echo ok2b
 
-if [[ "$foo" = foo && "$bar" == bar ]]; then
-  echo ok3a
-fi
+if [[ "$foo" = foo && "$bar" == bar ]]; then
+  echo ok3a
+fi
 
- [[ "$foo" = foo && "$bar" == bar ]] && echo ok3b
+ [[ "$foo" = foo && "$bar" == bar ]] && echo ok3b
 
-if test "$foo" = foo && test "$bar" = bar; then
-  echo ok4a
-fi
+if test "$foo" = foo && test "$bar" = bar; then
+  echo ok4a
+fi
 
-test "$foo" = foo && test "$bar" = bar && echo ok4b
+test "$foo" = foo && test "$bar" = bar && echo ok4b
 

 

 The output we get is:

@@ -8026,18 +8026,18 @@ ok4b
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
#!/usr/bin/env bash
 
-# Single line comment
+# Single line comment
 
-# These are two single line
-# comments one after another
+# These are two single line
+# comments one after another
 
-: <<COMMENT
-This is another way a
-multi line comment
-could be written!
-COMMENT
+: <<COMMENT
+This is another way a
+multi line comment
+could be written!
+COMMENT
 

 

 I will not demonstrate the execution of this script, as it won't print anything! It's obviously not the most pretty way of commenting on your code, but it could sometimes be handy!

@@ -8050,11 +8050,11 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
#!/usr/bin/env bash
 
-echo foo
-echo echo baz >> $0
-echo bar
+echo foo
+echo echo baz >> $0
+echo bar
 

 

 When it is run, it will do:

@@ -8432,42 +8432,42 @@ photoalbum makemake
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
% photoalbum makemake
-You may now customize ./photoalbumrc and run make
+
% photoalbum makemake
+You may now customize ./photoalbumrc and run make
 
-% cat Makefile
-all:
-	photoalbum generate photoalbumrc
-clean:
-	photoalbum clean photoalbumrc
+% cat Makefile
+all:
+	photoalbum generate photoalbumrc
+clean:
+	photoalbum clean photoalbumrc
 
-% cat photoalbumrc
-# The title of the photoalbum
-TITLE='A simple Photoalbum'
+% cat photoalbumrc
+# The title of the photoalbum
+TITLE='A simple Photoalbum'
 
-# Thumbnail height geometry
-THUMBHEIGHT=300
-# Normal geometry height (when viewing photo). Uncomment, to keep original size.
-HEIGHT=1200
-# Max previews per page.
-MAXPREVIEWS=40
-# Randomly shuffle all previews.
-# SHUFFLE=yes
+# Thumbnail height geometry
+THUMBHEIGHT=300
+# Normal geometry height (when viewing photo). Uncomment, to keep original size.
+HEIGHT=1200
+# Max previews per page.
+MAXPREVIEWS=40
+# Randomly shuffle all previews.
+# SHUFFLE=yes
 
-# Diverse directories, need to be full paths, not relative!
-INCOMING_DIR=$(pwd)/incoming
-DIST_DIR=$(pwd)/dist
-TEMPLATE_DIR=/usr/share/photoalbum/templates/default
-#TEMPLATE_DIR=/usr/share/photoalbum/templates/minimal
+# Diverse directories, need to be full paths, not relative!
+INCOMING_DIR=$(pwd)/incoming
+DIST_DIR=$(pwd)/dist
+TEMPLATE_DIR=/usr/share/photoalbum/templates/default
+#TEMPLATE_DIR=/usr/share/photoalbum/templates/minimal
 
-# Includes a .tar of the incoming dir in the dist, can be yes or no
-TARBALL_INCLUDE=yes
-TARBALL_SUFFIX=.tar
-TAR_OPTS='-c'
+# Includes a .tar of the incoming dir in the dist, can be yes or no
+TARBALL_INCLUDE=yes
+TARBALL_SUFFIX=.tar
+TAR_OPTS='-c'
 
-# Some debugging options
-#set -e
-#set -x
+# Some debugging options
+#set -e
+#set -x
 

 

 In the case for irregular.ninja, I changed the defaults to the following:

@@ -8476,38 +8476,38 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
--- photoalbumrc        2023-10-29 21:42:00.894202045 +0200
-+++ photoalbumrc.new 2023-06-04 10:40:08.030994440 +0300
-@@ -1,23 +1,24 @@
- # The title of the photoalbum
--TITLE='A simple Photoalbum'
-+TITLE='Irregular.Ninja'
+
--- photoalbumrc        2023-10-29 21:42:00.894202045 +0200
++++ photoalbumrc.new 2023-06-04 10:40:08.030994440 +0300
+@@ -1,23 +1,24 @@
+ # The title of the photoalbum
+-TITLE='A simple Photoalbum'
++TITLE='Irregular.Ninja'
 
- # Thumbnail height geometry
--THUMBHEIGHT=300
-+THUMBHEIGHT=400
- # Normal geometry height (when viewing photo). Uncomment, to keep original size.
--HEIGHT=1200
-+HEIGHT=1800
- # Max previews per page.
- MAXPREVIEWS=40
--# Randomly shuffle all previews.
--# SHUFFLE=yes
-+# Randomly shuffle
-+SHUFFLE=yes
+ # Thumbnail height geometry
+-THUMBHEIGHT=300
++THUMBHEIGHT=400
+ # Normal geometry height (when viewing photo). Uncomment, to keep original size.
+-HEIGHT=1200
++HEIGHT=1800
+ # Max previews per page.
+ MAXPREVIEWS=40
+-# Randomly shuffle all previews.
+-# SHUFFLE=yes
++# Randomly shuffle
++SHUFFLE=yes
 
- # Diverse directories, need to be full paths, not relative!
--INCOMING_DIR=$(pwd)/incoming
-+INCOMING_DIR=~/Nextcloud/Photos/irregular.ninja
- DIST_DIR=$(pwd)/dist
- TEMPLATE_DIR=/usr/share/photoalbum/templates/default
- #TEMPLATE_DIR=/usr/share/photoalbum/templates/minimal
+ # Diverse directories, need to be full paths, not relative!
+-INCOMING_DIR=$(pwd)/incoming
++INCOMING_DIR=~/Nextcloud/Photos/irregular.ninja
+ DIST_DIR=$(pwd)/dist
+ TEMPLATE_DIR=/usr/share/photoalbum/templates/default
+ #TEMPLATE_DIR=/usr/share/photoalbum/templates/minimal
 
- # Includes a .tar of the incoming dir in the dist, can be yes or no
--TARBALL_INCLUDE=yes
-+TARBALL_INCLUDE=no
- TARBALL_SUFFIX=.tar
- TAR_OPTS='-c'
+ # Includes a .tar of the incoming dir in the dist, can be yes or no
+-TARBALL_INCLUDE=yes
++TARBALL_INCLUDE=no
+ TARBALL_SUFFIX=.tar
+ TAR_OPTS='-c'
 

 

 So I changed the album title, adjusted some image and thumbnail dimensions, and I want all images to be randomly shuffled every time the album is generated! I also have all my photos in my Nextcloud Photo directory and don't want to copy them to the local incoming directory. Also, a tarball containing the whole album as a download isn't provided.

@@ -8680,7 +8680,7 @@ blurs  html  index.html  photos  thumbs
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
% dtail --servers serverlist.txt --grep INFO --files "/var/log/dserver/*.log"
+
% dtail --servers serverlist.txt --grep INFO --files "/var/log/dserver/*.log"
 

 

 Hint: you can also provide a comma separated server list, e.g.: servers server1.example.org,server2.example.org:PORT,...

@@ -8693,7 +8693,7 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
% dtail --servers serverlist.txt --grep INFO "/var/log/dserver/*.log"
+
% dtail --servers serverlist.txt --grep INFO "/var/log/dserver/*.log"
 

 

 
Aggregating logs


@@ -8706,10 +8706,10 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
% dtail --servers serverlist.txt \
-    --files '/var/log/dserver/*.log' \
-    --query 'from STATS select sum($goroutines),sum($cgocalls),
-             last($time),max(lifetimeConnections)'
+
% dtail --servers serverlist.txt \
+    --files '/var/log/dserver/*.log' \
+    --query 'from STATS select sum($goroutines),sum($cgocalls),
+             last($time),max(lifetimeConnections)'
 

 

 Beware: For map-reduce queries to work, you have to ensure that DTail supports your log format. Check out the documentaiton of the DTail query language and the DTail log formats on the DTail homepage for more information.

@@ -8722,10 +8722,10 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
% dtail --servers serverlist.txt \
-    --files '/var/log/dserver/*.log' \
-    'from STATS select sum($goroutines),sum($cgocalls),
-     last($time),max(lifetimeConnections)'
+
% dtail --servers serverlist.txt \
+    --files '/var/log/dserver/*.log' \
+    'from STATS select sum($goroutines),sum($cgocalls),
+     last($time),max(lifetimeConnections)'
 

 

 Here is another example:

@@ -8734,10 +8734,10 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
% dtail --servers serverlist.txt \
-    --files '/var/log/dserver/*.log' \
-    --query 'from STATS select $hostname,max($goroutines),max($cgocalls),$loadavg,
-             lifetimeConnections group by $hostname order by max($cgocalls)'
+
% dtail --servers serverlist.txt \
+    --files '/var/log/dserver/*.log' \
+    --query 'from STATS select $hostname,max($goroutines),max($cgocalls),$loadavg,
+             lifetimeConnections group by $hostname order by max($cgocalls)'
 

 

 Tail map-reduce example 2

@@ -8748,9 +8748,9 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
% dtail --servers serverlist.txt \
-    --files '/var/log/dserver/*.log' \
-    --query 'from STATS select ... outfile append result.csv'
+
% dtail --servers serverlist.txt \
+    --files '/var/log/dserver/*.log' \
+    --query 'from STATS select ... outfile append result.csv'
 

 

 
How to use dcat


@@ -8763,7 +8763,7 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
% dcat --servers serverlist.txt --files /etc/hostname
+
% dcat --servers serverlist.txt --files /etc/hostname
 

 

 Cat example

@@ -8774,7 +8774,7 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
% dcat --servers serverlist.txt /etc/hostname
+
% dcat --servers serverlist.txt /etc/hostname
 

 

 
How to use dgrep


@@ -8785,9 +8785,9 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
% dgrep --servers server1.example.org:2223 \
-    --files /etc/passwd \
-    --regex nologin
+
% dgrep --servers server1.example.org:2223 \
+    --files /etc/passwd \
+    --regex nologin
 

 

 Generally, dgrep is also a very useful way to search historic application logs for certain content.

@@ -8804,10 +8804,10 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
% dmap --servers serverlist.txt \
-    --files '/var/log/dserver/*.log' \
-    --query 'from STATS select $hostname,max($goroutines),max($cgocalls),$loadavg,
-             lifetimeConnections group by $hostname order by max($cgocalls)'
+
% dmap --servers serverlist.txt \
+    --files '/var/log/dserver/*.log' \
+    --query 'from STATS select $hostname,max($goroutines),max($cgocalls),$loadavg,
+             lifetimeConnections group by $hostname order by max($cgocalls)'
 

 

 Remember: For that to work, you have to make sure that DTail supports your log format. You can either use the ones already defined in internal/mapr/logformat or add an extension to support a custom log format. The example here works out of the box though, as DTail understands its own log format already. 

@@ -8830,9 +8830,9 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
% dmap --files /var/log/dserver/dserver.log
-    --query 'from STATS select $hostname,max($goroutines),max($cgocalls),$loadavg,
-              lifetimeConnections group by $hostname order by max($cgocalls)'
+
% dmap --files /var/log/dserver/dserver.log
+    --query 'from STATS select $hostname,max($goroutines),max($cgocalls),$loadavg,
+              lifetimeConnections group by $hostname order by max($cgocalls)'
 

 

 As a shorthand version the following command can be used:

@@ -8841,9 +8841,9 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
% dmap 'from STATS select $hostname,max($goroutines),max($cgocalls),$loadavg,
-        lifetimeConnections group by $hostname order by max($cgocalls)' \
-        /var/log/dsever/dserver.log
+
% dmap 'from STATS select $hostname,max($goroutines),max($cgocalls),$loadavg,
+        lifetimeConnections group by $hostname order by max($cgocalls)' \
+        /var/log/dsever/dserver.log
 

 

 You can also use a file input pipe as follows:

@@ -8852,9 +8852,9 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
% cat /var/log/dserver/dserver.log | \
-    dmap 'from STATS select $hostname,max($goroutines),max($cgocalls),$loadavg,
-          lifetimeConnections group by $hostname order by max($cgocalls)'
+
% cat /var/log/dserver/dserver.log | \
+    dmap 'from STATS select $hostname,max($goroutines),max($cgocalls),$loadavg,
+          lifetimeConnections group by $hostname order by max($cgocalls)'
 

 

 
Aggregating CSV files


@@ -8865,16 +8865,16 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
% cat example.csv
-name,lastname,age,profession
-Michael,Jordan,40,Basketball player
-Michael,Jackson,100,Singer
-Albert,Einstein,200,Physician
-% dmap --query 'select lastname,name where age > 40 logformat csv outfile result.csv' example.csv
-% cat result.csv
-lastname,name
-Jackson,Michael
-Einstein,Albert
+
% cat example.csv
+name,lastname,age,profession
+Michael,Jordan,40,Basketball player
+Michael,Jackson,100,Singer
+Albert,Einstein,200,Physician
+% dmap --query 'select lastname,name where age > 40 logformat csv outfile result.csv' example.csv
+% cat result.csv
+lastname,name
+Jackson,Michael
+Einstein,Albert
 

 

 DMap can also be used to query and aggregate CSV files from remote servers.

@@ -8887,44 +8887,44 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
% dtail /var/log/dserver/dserver.log
+
% dtail /var/log/dserver/dserver.log
 

 

 
-
% dtail --logLevel trace /var/log/dserver/dserver.log
+
% dtail --logLevel trace /var/log/dserver/dserver.log
 

 

 
-
% dcat /etc/passwd
+
% dcat /etc/passwd
 

 

 
-
% dcat --plain /etc/passwd > /etc/test
-# Should show no differences.
-diff /etc/test /etc/passwd 
+
% dcat --plain /etc/passwd > /etc/test
+# Should show no differences.
+diff /etc/test /etc/passwd 
 

 

 
-
% dgrep --regex ERROR --files /var/log/dserver/dsever.log
+
% dgrep --regex ERROR --files /var/log/dserver/dsever.log
 

 

 
-
% dgrep --before 10 --after 10 --max 10 --grep ERROR /var/log/dserver/dsever.log
+
% dgrep --before 10 --after 10 --max 10 --grep ERROR /var/log/dserver/dsever.log
 

 

 Use --help for more available options. Or go to the DTail page for more information! Hope you find DTail useful!

@@ -9094,9 +9094,9 @@ DC on fire:
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
if [ -n "$foo" ]; then
-  echo "$foo"
-fi
+
if [ -n "$foo" ]; then
+  echo "$foo"
+fi
 

 

 Please run source-highlight --lang-list for a list of all supported languages.

@@ -9125,7 +9125,7 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
declare -xr MASTODON_URI='https://fosstodon.org/@snonux'
+
declare -xr MASTODON_URI='https://fosstodon.org/@snonux'
 

 

 and add the following into your index.gmi:

@@ -9140,7 +9140,7 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
<a href='https://fosstodon.org/@snonux' rel='me'>Me at Mastodon</a>
+
<a href='https://fosstodon.org/@snonux' rel='me'>Me at Mastodon</a>
 

 

 
More


@@ -9642,11 +9642,11 @@ Have a nice day!
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
git clone https://codeberg.org/snonux/gogios.git
-cd gogios
-go build -o gogios cmd/gogios/main.go
-doas cp gogios /usr/local/bin/gogios
-doas chmod 755 /usr/local/bin/gogios
+
git clone https://codeberg.org/snonux/gogios.git
+cd gogios
+go build -o gogios cmd/gogios/main.go
+doas cp gogios /usr/local/bin/gogios
+doas chmod 755 /usr/local/bin/gogios
 

 

 You can use cross-compilation if you want to compile Gogios for OpenBSD on a Linux system without installing the Go compiler on OpenBSD. Follow these steps:

@@ -9655,9 +9655,9 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
export GOOS=openbsd
-export GOARCH=amd64
-go build -o gogios cmd/gogios/main.go
+
export GOOS=openbsd
+export GOARCH=amd64
+go build -o gogios cmd/gogios/main.go
 

 

 On your OpenBSD system, copy the binary to /usr/local/bin/gogios and set the correct permissions as described in the previous section. All steps described here you could automate with your configuration management system of choice. I use Rexify, the friendly configuration management system, to automate the installation, but that is out of the scope of this document.

@@ -9672,11 +9672,11 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
doas adduser -group _gogios -batch _gogios
-doas usermod -d /var/run/gogios _gogios
-doas mkdir -p /var/run/gogios
-doas chown _gogios:_gogios /var/run/gogios
-doas chmod 750 /var/run/gogios
+
doas adduser -group _gogios -batch _gogios
+doas usermod -d /var/run/gogios _gogios
+doas mkdir -p /var/run/gogios
+doas chown _gogios:_gogios /var/run/gogios
+doas chmod 750 /var/run/gogios
 

 

 Please note that creating a user and group might differ depending on your operating system. For other operating systems, consult their documentation for creating system users and groups.

@@ -9689,8 +9689,8 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
doas pkg_add monitoring-plugins
-doas pkg_add nrpe # If you want to execute checks remotely via NRPE.
+
doas pkg_add monitoring-plugins
+doas pkg_add nrpe # If you want to execute checks remotely via NRPE.
 

 

 Once the installation is complete, you can find the monitoring plugins in the /usr/local/libexec/nagios directory, which then can be configured to be used in gogios.json.

@@ -9717,41 +9717,41 @@ echo 'This is a test email from OpenBSD.' | mail -s 'Test Email'
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
{
-  "EmailTo": "paul@dev.buetow.org",
-  "EmailFrom": "gogios@buetow.org",
-  "CheckTimeoutS": 10,
-  "CheckConcurrency": 2,
-  "StateDir": "/var/run/gogios",
-  "Checks": {
-    "Check ICMP4 www.foo.zone": {
-      "Plugin": "/usr/local/libexec/nagios/check_ping",
-      "Args": [ "-H", "www.foo.zone", "-4", "-w", "50,10%", "-c", "100,15%" ],
-      "Retries": 3,
-      "RetryInterval": 10
-    },
-    "Check ICMP6 www.foo.zone": {
-      "Plugin": "/usr/local/libexec/nagios/check_ping",
-      "Args": [ "-H", "www.foo.zone", "-6", "-w", "50,10%", "-c", "100,15%" ],
-      "Retries": 3,
-      "RetryInterval": 10
-    },
-    "www.foo.zone HTTP IPv4": {
-      "Plugin": "/usr/local/libexec/nagios/check_http",
-      "Args": ["www.foo.zone", "-4"],
-      "DependsOn": ["Check ICMP4 www.foo.zone"]
-    },
-    "www.foo.zone HTTP IPv6": {
-      "Plugin": "/usr/local/libexec/nagios/check_http",
-      "Args": ["www.foo.zone", "-6"],
-      "DependsOn": ["Check ICMP6 www.foo.zone"]
-    }
-    "Check NRPE Disk Usage foo.zone": {
-      "Plugin": "/usr/local/libexec/nagios/check_nrpe",
-      "Args": ["-H", "foo.zone", "-c", "check_disk", "-p", "5666", "-4"]
-    }
-  }
-}
+
{
+  "EmailTo": "paul@dev.buetow.org",
+  "EmailFrom": "gogios@buetow.org",
+  "CheckTimeoutS": 10,
+  "CheckConcurrency": 2,
+  "StateDir": "/var/run/gogios",
+  "Checks": {
+    "Check ICMP4 www.foo.zone": {
+      "Plugin": "/usr/local/libexec/nagios/check_ping",
+      "Args": [ "-H", "www.foo.zone", "-4", "-w", "50,10%", "-c", "100,15%" ],
+      "Retries": 3,
+      "RetryInterval": 10
+    },
+    "Check ICMP6 www.foo.zone": {
+      "Plugin": "/usr/local/libexec/nagios/check_ping",
+      "Args": [ "-H", "www.foo.zone", "-6", "-w", "50,10%", "-c", "100,15%" ],
+      "Retries": 3,
+      "RetryInterval": 10
+    },
+    "www.foo.zone HTTP IPv4": {
+      "Plugin": "/usr/local/libexec/nagios/check_http",
+      "Args": ["www.foo.zone", "-4"],
+      "DependsOn": ["Check ICMP4 www.foo.zone"]
+    },
+    "www.foo.zone HTTP IPv6": {
+      "Plugin": "/usr/local/libexec/nagios/check_http",
+      "Args": ["www.foo.zone", "-6"],
+      "DependsOn": ["Check ICMP6 www.foo.zone"]
+    }
+    "Check NRPE Disk Usage foo.zone": {
+      "Plugin": "/usr/local/libexec/nagios/check_nrpe",
+      "Args": ["-H", "foo.zone", "-c", "check_disk", "-p", "5666", "-4"]
+    }
+  }
+}
 

 

 
    
@@ -9780,7 +9780,7 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
    doas -u _gogios /usr/local/bin/gogios -cfg /etc/gogios.json
+
    doas -u _gogios /usr/local/bin/gogios -cfg /etc/gogios.json
 
    
 
    
 To run Gogios via CRON on OpenBSD as the gogios user and check all services once per minute, follow these steps:
    
@@ -10032,7 +10032,7 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
    $ raku guprecords.raku --stats=dir=$HOME/git/uprecords/stats --all
+
    $ raku guprecords.raku --stats=dir=$HOME/git/uprecords/stats --all
 
    
 
    
 This command will generate a comprehensive uptime report from the collected statistics, making it easy to review and enjoy the data.
    
@@ -10446,8 +10446,8 @@ Blablabla...
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
    declare -xr PRE_GENERATE_HOOK=./pre_generate_hook.sh
-declare -xr POST_PUBLISH_HOOK=./post_publish_hook.sh
+
    declare -xr PRE_GENERATE_HOOK=./pre_generate_hook.sh
+declare -xr POST_PUBLISH_HOOK=./post_publish_hook.sh
 
    
 
    
 
    Use of safer Bash options

    
@@ -10464,10 +10464,10 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
    % cat gemfeed/2023-02-26-title-here.gmi
-# Title here
+
    % cat gemfeed/2023-02-26-title-here.gmi
+# Title here
 
-The remaining content of the Gemtext file...
+The remaining content of the Gemtext file...
 
    
 
    
 Gemtexter will add a line starting with  > Published at ... now. Any subsequent Atom feed generation will then use that date.
    
@@ -10476,12 +10476,12 @@ http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
 by Lorenzo Bettini
 http://www.lorenzobettini.it
 http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
-
    % cat gemfeed/2023-02-26-title-here.gmi
-# Title here
+
    % cat gemfeed/2023-02-26-title-here.gmi
+# Title here
 
-> Published at 2023-02-26T21:43:51+01:00
+> Published at 2023-02-26T21:43:51+01:00
 
-The remaining content of the Gemtext file...
+The remaining content of the Gemtext file...
 
    
 
    
 
    XMLLint support

    
-- 
cgit v1.2.3