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diff --git a/gemfeed/2021-07-04-the-well-grounded-rubyist.html b/gemfeed/2021-07-04-the-well-grounded-rubyist.html index 6d92a11f..7e5551c5 100644 --- a/gemfeed/2021-07-04-the-well-grounded-rubyist.html +++ b/gemfeed/2021-07-04-the-well-grounded-rubyist.html @@ -133,6 +133,11 @@ Hello World <br /> <span>E-Mail your comments to <span class='inlinecode'>paul@nospam.buetow.org</span> :-)</span><br /> <br /> +<span>Other Ruby-related posts:</span><br /> +<br /> +<a class='textlink' href='./2025-10-11-the-well-grounded-rubyist-notes.html'>2025-10-11 Key Takeaways from The Well-Grounded Rubyist</a><br /> +<a class='textlink' href='./2021-07-04-the-well-grounded-rubyist.html'>2021-07-04 The Well-Grounded Rubyist (You are currently reading this)</a><br /> +<br /> <a class='textlink' href='../'>Back to the main site</a><br /> <p class="footer"> Generated with <a href="https://codeberg.org/snonux/gemtexter">Gemtexter 3.0.1-develop</a> | diff --git a/gemfeed/2025-10-11-the-well-grounded-rubyist-notes.html b/gemfeed/2025-10-11-the-well-grounded-rubyist-notes.html new file mode 100644 index 00000000..e9eba28d --- /dev/null +++ b/gemfeed/2025-10-11-the-well-grounded-rubyist-notes.html @@ -0,0 +1,253 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en"> +<head> +<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> +<title>Key Takeaways from The Well-Grounded Rubyist</title> +<link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/gif" href="/favicon.ico" /> +<link rel="stylesheet" href="../style.css" /> +<link rel="stylesheet" href="style-override.css" /> +</head> +<body> +<p class="header"> +<a href="https://foo.zone">Home</a> | <a href="https://codeberg.org/snonux/foo.zone/src/branch/content-md/gemfeed/2025-10-11-the-well-grounded-rubyist-notes.md">Markdown</a> | <a href="gemini://foo.zone/gemfeed/2025-10-11-the-well-grounded-rubyist-notes.gmi">Gemini</a> +</p> +<h1 style='display: inline' id='key-takeaways-from-the-well-grounded-rubyist'>Key Takeaways from The Well-Grounded Rubyist</h1><br /> +<br /> +<span class='quote'>Published at 2025-10-11T15:25:14+03:00</span><br /> +<br /> +<span>Some time ago, I wrote about my journey into Ruby and how "The Well-Grounded Rubyist" helped me to get a better understanding of the language. I took a lot of notes while reading the book, and I think it's time to share some of them. This is not a comprehensive review, but rather a collection of interesting tidbits and concepts that stuck with me.</span><br /> +<br /> +<a class='textlink' href='./2021-07-04-the-well-grounded-rubyist.html'>My first post about the book.</a><br /> +<br /> +<h2 style='display: inline' id='the-object-model'>The Object Model</h2><br /> +<br /> +<span>One of the most fascinating aspects of Ruby is its object model. The book does a great job of explaining the details.</span><br /> +<br /> +<h3 style='display: inline' id='everything-is-an-object-almost'>Everything is an object (almost)</h3><br /> +<br /> +<span>In Ruby, most things are objects. This includes numbers, strings, and even classes themselves. This has some interesting consequences. For example, you can't use <span class='inlinecode'>i++</span> like in C or Java. Integers are immutable objects. <span class='inlinecode'>1</span> is always the same object. <span class='inlinecode'>1 + 1</span> returns a new object, <span class='inlinecode'>2</span>.</span><br /> +<br /> +<h3 style='display: inline' id='the-self-keyword'>The <span class='inlinecode'>self</span> keyword</h3><br /> +<br /> +<span>There is always a current object, <span class='inlinecode'>self</span>. If you call a method without an explicit receiver, it's called on <span class='inlinecode'>self</span>. For example, <span class='inlinecode'>puts "hello"</span> is actually <span class='inlinecode'>self.puts "hello"</span>.</span><br /> +<br /> +<!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 3.1.9 +by Lorenzo Bettini +http://www.lorenzobettini.it +http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite --> +<pre><i><font color="silver"># At the top level, self is the main object</font></i> +p <b><u><font color="#000000">self</font></u></b> +<i><font color="silver"># => main</font></i> +p <b><u><font color="#000000">self</font></u></b>.<b><u><font color="#000000">class</font></u></b> +<i><font color="silver"># => Object</font></i> + +<b><u><font color="#000000">def</font></u></b> foo + <i><font color="silver"># Inside a method, self is the object that received the call</font></i> + p <b><u><font color="#000000">self</font></u></b> +<b><u><font color="#000000">end</font></u></b> + +foo +<i><font color="silver"># => main</font></i> +</pre> +<br /> +<span>This code demonstrates how <span class='inlinecode'>self</span> changes depending on the context. At the top level, it's <span class='inlinecode'>main</span>, an instance of <span class='inlinecode'>Object</span>. When <span class='inlinecode'>foo</span> is called without a receiver, it's called on <span class='inlinecode'>main</span>.</span><br /> +<br /> +<h3 style='display: inline' id='singleton-methods'>Singleton Methods</h3><br /> +<br /> +<span>You can add methods to individual objects. These are called singleton methods.</span><br /> +<br /> +<!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 3.1.9 +by Lorenzo Bettini +http://www.lorenzobettini.it +http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite --> +<pre>obj = <font color="#808080">"a string"</font> + +<b><u><font color="#000000">def</font></u></b> obj.shout + <b><u><font color="#000000">self</font></u></b>.upcase + <font color="#808080">"!"</font> +<b><u><font color="#000000">end</font></u></b> + +p obj.shout +<i><font color="silver"># => "A STRING!"</font></i> + +obj2 = <font color="#808080">"another string"</font> +<i><font color="silver"># obj2.shout would raise a NoMethodError</font></i> +</pre> +<br /> +<span>Here, the <span class='inlinecode'>shout</span> method is only available on the <span class='inlinecode'>obj</span> object. This is a powerful feature for adding behavior to specific instances.</span><br /> +<br /> +<h3 style='display: inline' id='classes-are-objects'>Classes are Objects</h3><br /> +<br /> +<span>Classes themselves are objects, instances of the <span class='inlinecode'>Class</span> class. This means you can create classes dynamically.</span><br /> +<br /> +<!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 3.1.9 +by Lorenzo Bettini +http://www.lorenzobettini.it +http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite --> +<pre>MyClass = Class.new <b><u><font color="#000000">do</font></u></b> + <b><u><font color="#000000">def</font></u></b> say_hello + puts <font color="#808080">"Hello from a dynamically created class!"</font> + <b><u><font color="#000000">end</font></u></b> +<b><u><font color="#000000">end</font></u></b> + +instance = MyClass.new +instance.say_hello +<i><font color="silver"># => Hello from a dynamically created class!</font></i> +</pre> +<br /> +<span>This shows how to create a new class and assign it to a constant. This is what happens behind the scenes when you use the <span class='inlinecode'>class</span> keyword.</span><br /> +<br /> +<h2 style='display: inline' id='control-flow-and-methods'>Control Flow and Methods</h2><br /> +<br /> +<span>The book clarified many things about how methods and control flow work in Ruby.</span><br /> +<br /> +<h3 style='display: inline' id='case-and-the--operator'><span class='inlinecode'>case</span> and the <span class='inlinecode'>===</span> operator</h3><br /> +<br /> +<span>The <span class='inlinecode'>case</span> statement is more powerful than I thought. It uses the <span class='inlinecode'>===</span> (threequals or case equality) operator for comparison, not <span class='inlinecode'>==</span>. Different classes can implement <span class='inlinecode'>===</span> in their own way.</span><br /> +<br /> +<!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 3.1.9 +by Lorenzo Bettini +http://www.lorenzobettini.it +http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite --> +<pre><i><font color="silver"># For ranges, it checks for inclusion</font></i> +p (<font color="#000000">1</font>..<font color="#000000">5</font>) === <font color="#000000">3</font> <i><font color="silver"># => true</font></i> + +<i><font color="silver"># For classes, it checks if the object is an instance of the class</font></i> +p String === <font color="#808080">"hello"</font> <i><font color="silver"># => true</font></i> + +<i><font color="silver"># For regexes, it checks for a match</font></i> +p /llo/ === <font color="#808080">"hello"</font> <i><font color="silver"># => true</font></i> + +<b><u><font color="#000000">def</font></u></b> check(value) + <b><u><font color="#000000">case</font></u></b> value + <b><u><font color="#000000">when</font></u></b> String + <font color="#808080">"It's a string"</font> + <b><u><font color="#000000">when</font></u></b> (<font color="#000000">1</font>..<font color="#000000">10</font>) + <font color="#808080">"It's a number between 1 and 10"</font> + <b><u><font color="#000000">else</font></u></b> + <font color="#808080">"Something else"</font> + <b><u><font color="#000000">end</font></u></b> +<b><u><font color="#000000">end</font></u></b> + +p check(<font color="#000000">5</font>) <i><font color="silver"># => "It's a number between 1 and 10"</font></i> +</pre> +<br /> +<h3 style='display: inline' id='blocks-and-yield'>Blocks and <span class='inlinecode'>yield</span></h3><br /> +<br /> +<span>Blocks are a cornerstone of Ruby. You can pass them to methods to customize their behavior. The <span class='inlinecode'>yield</span> keyword is used to call the block.</span><br /> +<br /> +<!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 3.1.9 +by Lorenzo Bettini +http://www.lorenzobettini.it +http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite --> +<pre><b><u><font color="#000000">def</font></u></b> my_iterator + puts <font color="#808080">"Entering the method"</font> + <b><u><font color="#000000">yield</font></u></b> + puts <font color="#808080">"Back in the method"</font> + <b><u><font color="#000000">yield</font></u></b> +<b><u><font color="#000000">end</font></u></b> + +my_iterator { puts <font color="#808080">"Inside the block"</font> } +<i><font color="silver"># Entering the method</font></i> +<i><font color="silver"># Inside the block</font></i> +<i><font color="silver"># Back in the method</font></i> +<i><font color="silver"># Inside the block</font></i> +</pre> +<br /> +<span>This simple iterator shows how <span class='inlinecode'>yield</span> transfers control to the block. You can also pass arguments to <span class='inlinecode'>yield</span> and get a return value from the block.</span><br /> +<br /> +<!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 3.1.9 +by Lorenzo Bettini +http://www.lorenzobettini.it +http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite --> +<pre><b><u><font color="#000000">def</font></u></b> with_return + result = <b><u><font color="#000000">yield</font></u></b>(<font color="#000000">5</font>) + puts <font color="#808080">"The block returned #{result}"</font> +<b><u><font color="#000000">end</font></u></b> + +with_return { |n| n * <font color="#000000">2</font> } +<i><font color="silver"># => The block returned 10</font></i> +</pre> +<br /> +<span>This demonstrates passing an argument to the block and using its return value.</span><br /> +<br /> +<h2 style='display: inline' id='fun-with-data-types'>Fun with Data Types</h2><br /> +<br /> +<span>Ruby's core data types are full of nice little features.</span><br /> +<br /> +<h3 style='display: inline' id='symbols'>Symbols</h3><br /> +<br /> +<span>Symbols are like immutable strings. They are great for keys in hashes because they are unique and memory-efficient.</span><br /> +<br /> +<!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 3.1.9 +by Lorenzo Bettini +http://www.lorenzobettini.it +http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite --> +<pre><i><font color="silver"># Two strings with the same content are different objects</font></i> +p <font color="#808080">"foo"</font>.object_id +p <font color="#808080">"foo"</font>.object_id + +<i><font color="silver"># Two symbols with the same content are the same object</font></i> +p :foo.object_id +p :foo.object_id + +<i><font color="silver"># Modern hash syntax uses symbols as keys</font></i> +my_hash = { name: <font color="#808080">"Paul"</font>, language: <font color="#808080">"Ruby"</font> } +p my_hash[:name] <i><font color="silver"># => "Paul"</font></i> +</pre> +<br /> +<span>This code highlights the difference between strings and symbols and shows the convenient hash syntax.</span><br /> +<br /> +<h3 style='display: inline' id='arrays-and-hashes'>Arrays and Hashes</h3><br /> +<br /> +<span>Arrays and hashes have a rich API. The <span class='inlinecode'>%w</span> and <span class='inlinecode'>%i</span> shortcuts for creating arrays of strings and symbols are very handy.</span><br /> +<br /> +<!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 3.1.9 +by Lorenzo Bettini +http://www.lorenzobettini.it +http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite --> +<pre><i><font color="silver"># Array of strings</font></i> +p %w[one two three] +<i><font color="silver"># => ["one", "two", "three"]</font></i> + +<i><font color="silver"># Array of symbols</font></i> +p %i[one two three] +<i><font color="silver"># => [:one, :two, :three]</font></i> +</pre> +<br /> +<span>A quick way to create arrays. You can also retrieve multiple values at once.</span><br /> +<br /> +<!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 3.1.9 +by Lorenzo Bettini +http://www.lorenzobettini.it +http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite --> +<pre>arr = [<font color="#000000">10</font>, <font color="#000000">20</font>, <font color="#000000">30</font>, <font color="#000000">40</font>, <font color="#000000">50</font>] +p arr.values_at(<font color="#000000">0</font>, <font color="#000000">2</font>, <font color="#000000">4</font>) +<i><font color="silver"># => [10, 30, 50]</font></i> + +hash = { a: <font color="#000000">1</font>, b: <font color="#000000">2</font>, c: <font color="#000000">3</font> } +p hash.values_at(:a, :c) +<i><font color="silver"># => [1, 3]</font></i> +</pre> +<br /> +<span>The <span class='inlinecode'>values_at</span> method is a concise way to get multiple elements.</span><br /> +<br /> +<h2 style='display: inline' id='final-thoughts'>Final Thoughts</h2><br /> +<br /> +<span>These are just a few of the many things I learned from "The Well-Grounded Rubyist". The book gave me a much deeper appreciation for the language and its design. If you are a Ruby programmer, I highly recommend it. Meanwhile, I also read the book "Programming Ruby 3.3", just I didn't have time to process my notes there yet. </span><br /> +<br /> +<span>E-Mail your comments to <span class='inlinecode'>paul@nospam.buetow.org</span> :-)</span><br /> +<br /> +<span>Other Ruby-related posts:</span><br /> +<br /> +<a class='textlink' href='./2021-07-04-the-well-grounded-rubyist.html'>2021-07-04 The Well-Grounded Rubyist</a><br /> +<br /> +<a class='textlink' href='../'>Back to the main site</a><br /> +<p class="footer"> + Generated with <a href="https://codeberg.org/snonux/gemtexter">Gemtexter 3.0.1-develop</a> | + served by <a href="https://www.OpenBSD.org">OpenBSD</a>/<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/relayd.8">relayd(8)</a>+<a href="https://man.openbsd.org/httpd.8">httpd(8)</a> | + <a href="https://foo.zone/site-mirrors.html">Site Mirrors</a> + <br /> + Webring: <a href="https://shring.sh/foo.zone/previous">previous</a> | <a href="https://shring.sh">shring</a> | <a href="https://shring.sh/foo.zone/next">next</a> +</p> +</body> +</html> diff --git a/gemfeed/atom.xml b/gemfeed/atom.xml index d2f437a8..22dc3466 100644 --- a/gemfeed/atom.xml +++ b/gemfeed/atom.xml @@ -1,12 +1,256 @@ <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom"> - <updated>2025-10-02T11:30:14+03:00</updated> + <updated>2025-10-11T15:25:15+03:00</updated> <title>foo.zone feed</title> <subtitle>To be in the .zone!</subtitle> <link href="https://foo.zone/gemfeed/atom.xml" rel="self" /> <link href="https://foo.zone/" /> <id>https://foo.zone/</id> <entry> + <title>Key Takeaways from The Well-Grounded Rubyist</title> + <link href="https://foo.zone/gemfeed/2025-10-11-the-well-grounded-rubyist-notes.html" /> + <id>https://foo.zone/gemfeed/2025-10-11-the-well-grounded-rubyist-notes.html</id> + <updated>2025-10-11T15:25:14+03:00</updated> + <author> + <name>Paul Buetow aka snonux</name> + <email>paul@dev.buetow.org</email> + </author> + <summary>Some time ago, I wrote about my journey into Ruby and how 'The Well-Grounded Rubyist' helped me to get a better understanding of the language. I took a lot of notes while reading the book, and I think it's time to share some of them. This is not a comprehensive review, but rather a collection of interesting tidbits and concepts that stuck with me.</summary> + <content type="xhtml"> + <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> + <h1 style='display: inline' id='key-takeaways-from-the-well-grounded-rubyist'>Key Takeaways from The Well-Grounded Rubyist</h1><br /> +<br /> +<span>Some time ago, I wrote about my journey into Ruby and how "The Well-Grounded Rubyist" helped me to get a better understanding of the language. I took a lot of notes while reading the book, and I think it's time to share some of them. This is not a comprehensive review, but rather a collection of interesting tidbits and concepts that stuck with me.</span><br /> +<br /> +<a class='textlink' href='./2021-07-04-the-well-grounded-rubyist.html'>My first post about the book.</a><br /> +<br /> +<h2 style='display: inline' id='the-object-model'>The Object Model</h2><br /> +<br /> +<span>One of the most fascinating aspects of Ruby is its object model. The book does a great job of explaining the details.</span><br /> +<br /> +<h3 style='display: inline' id='everything-is-an-object-almost'>Everything is an object (almost)</h3><br /> +<br /> +<span>In Ruby, most things are objects. This includes numbers, strings, and even classes themselves. This has some interesting consequences. For example, you can't use <span class='inlinecode'>i++</span> like in C or Java. Integers are immutable objects. <span class='inlinecode'>1</span> is always the same object. <span class='inlinecode'>1 + 1</span> returns a new object, <span class='inlinecode'>2</span>.</span><br /> +<br /> +<h3 style='display: inline' id='the-self-keyword'>The <span class='inlinecode'>self</span> keyword</h3><br /> +<br /> +<span>There is always a current object, <span class='inlinecode'>self</span>. If you call a method without an explicit receiver, it's called on <span class='inlinecode'>self</span>. For example, <span class='inlinecode'>puts "hello"</span> is actually <span class='inlinecode'>self.puts "hello"</span>.</span><br /> +<br /> +<!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 3.1.9 +by Lorenzo Bettini +http://www.lorenzobettini.it +http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite --> +<pre><i><font color="silver"># At the top level, self is the main object</font></i> +p <b><u><font color="#000000">self</font></u></b> +<i><font color="silver"># => main</font></i> +p <b><u><font color="#000000">self</font></u></b>.<b><u><font color="#000000">class</font></u></b> +<i><font color="silver"># => Object</font></i> + +<b><u><font color="#000000">def</font></u></b> foo + <i><font color="silver"># Inside a method, self is the object that received the call</font></i> + p <b><u><font color="#000000">self</font></u></b> +<b><u><font color="#000000">end</font></u></b> + +foo +<i><font color="silver"># => main</font></i> +</pre> +<br /> +<span>This code demonstrates how <span class='inlinecode'>self</span> changes depending on the context. At the top level, it's <span class='inlinecode'>main</span>, an instance of <span class='inlinecode'>Object</span>. When <span class='inlinecode'>foo</span> is called without a receiver, it's called on <span class='inlinecode'>main</span>.</span><br /> +<br /> +<h3 style='display: inline' id='singleton-methods'>Singleton Methods</h3><br /> +<br /> +<span>You can add methods to individual objects. These are called singleton methods.</span><br /> +<br /> +<!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 3.1.9 +by Lorenzo Bettini +http://www.lorenzobettini.it +http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite --> +<pre>obj = <font color="#808080">"a string"</font> + +<b><u><font color="#000000">def</font></u></b> obj.shout + <b><u><font color="#000000">self</font></u></b>.upcase + <font color="#808080">"!"</font> +<b><u><font color="#000000">end</font></u></b> + +p obj.shout +<i><font color="silver"># => "A STRING!"</font></i> + +obj2 = <font color="#808080">"another string"</font> +<i><font color="silver"># obj2.shout would raise a NoMethodError</font></i> +</pre> +<br /> +<span>Here, the <span class='inlinecode'>shout</span> method is only available on the <span class='inlinecode'>obj</span> object. This is a powerful feature for adding behavior to specific instances.</span><br /> +<br /> +<h3 style='display: inline' id='classes-are-objects'>Classes are Objects</h3><br /> +<br /> +<span>Classes themselves are objects, instances of the <span class='inlinecode'>Class</span> class. This means you can create classes dynamically.</span><br /> +<br /> +<!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 3.1.9 +by Lorenzo Bettini +http://www.lorenzobettini.it +http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite --> +<pre>MyClass = Class.new <b><u><font color="#000000">do</font></u></b> + <b><u><font color="#000000">def</font></u></b> say_hello + puts <font color="#808080">"Hello from a dynamically created class!"</font> + <b><u><font color="#000000">end</font></u></b> +<b><u><font color="#000000">end</font></u></b> + +instance = MyClass.new +instance.say_hello +<i><font color="silver"># => Hello from a dynamically created class!</font></i> +</pre> +<br /> +<span>This shows how to create a new class and assign it to a constant. This is what happens behind the scenes when you use the <span class='inlinecode'>class</span> keyword.</span><br /> +<br /> +<h2 style='display: inline' id='control-flow-and-methods'>Control Flow and Methods</h2><br /> +<br /> +<span>The book clarified many things about how methods and control flow work in Ruby.</span><br /> +<br /> +<h3 style='display: inline' id='case-and-the--operator'><span class='inlinecode'>case</span> and the <span class='inlinecode'>===</span> operator</h3><br /> +<br /> +<span>The <span class='inlinecode'>case</span> statement is more powerful than I thought. It uses the <span class='inlinecode'>===</span> (threequals or case equality) operator for comparison, not <span class='inlinecode'>==</span>. Different classes can implement <span class='inlinecode'>===</span> in their own way.</span><br /> +<br /> +<!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 3.1.9 +by Lorenzo Bettini +http://www.lorenzobettini.it +http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite --> +<pre><i><font color="silver"># For ranges, it checks for inclusion</font></i> +p (<font color="#000000">1</font>..<font color="#000000">5</font>) === <font color="#000000">3</font> <i><font color="silver"># => true</font></i> + +<i><font color="silver"># For classes, it checks if the object is an instance of the class</font></i> +p String === <font color="#808080">"hello"</font> <i><font color="silver"># => true</font></i> + +<i><font color="silver"># For regexes, it checks for a match</font></i> +p /llo/ === <font color="#808080">"hello"</font> <i><font color="silver"># => true</font></i> + +<b><u><font color="#000000">def</font></u></b> check(value) + <b><u><font color="#000000">case</font></u></b> value + <b><u><font color="#000000">when</font></u></b> String + <font color="#808080">"It's a string"</font> + <b><u><font color="#000000">when</font></u></b> (<font color="#000000">1</font>..<font color="#000000">10</font>) + <font color="#808080">"It's a number between 1 and 10"</font> + <b><u><font color="#000000">else</font></u></b> + <font color="#808080">"Something else"</font> + <b><u><font color="#000000">end</font></u></b> +<b><u><font color="#000000">end</font></u></b> + +p check(<font color="#000000">5</font>) <i><font color="silver"># => "It's a number between 1 and 10"</font></i> +</pre> +<br /> +<h3 style='display: inline' id='blocks-and-yield'>Blocks and <span class='inlinecode'>yield</span></h3><br /> +<br /> +<span>Blocks are a cornerstone of Ruby. You can pass them to methods to customize their behavior. The <span class='inlinecode'>yield</span> keyword is used to call the block.</span><br /> +<br /> +<!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 3.1.9 +by Lorenzo Bettini +http://www.lorenzobettini.it +http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite --> +<pre><b><u><font color="#000000">def</font></u></b> my_iterator + puts <font color="#808080">"Entering the method"</font> + <b><u><font color="#000000">yield</font></u></b> + puts <font color="#808080">"Back in the method"</font> + <b><u><font color="#000000">yield</font></u></b> +<b><u><font color="#000000">end</font></u></b> + +my_iterator { puts <font color="#808080">"Inside the block"</font> } +<i><font color="silver"># Entering the method</font></i> +<i><font color="silver"># Inside the block</font></i> +<i><font color="silver"># Back in the method</font></i> +<i><font color="silver"># Inside the block</font></i> +</pre> +<br /> +<span>This simple iterator shows how <span class='inlinecode'>yield</span> transfers control to the block. You can also pass arguments to <span class='inlinecode'>yield</span> and get a return value from the block.</span><br /> +<br /> +<!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 3.1.9 +by Lorenzo Bettini +http://www.lorenzobettini.it +http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite --> +<pre><b><u><font color="#000000">def</font></u></b> with_return + result = <b><u><font color="#000000">yield</font></u></b>(<font color="#000000">5</font>) + puts <font color="#808080">"The block returned #{result}"</font> +<b><u><font color="#000000">end</font></u></b> + +with_return { |n| n * <font color="#000000">2</font> } +<i><font color="silver"># => The block returned 10</font></i> +</pre> +<br /> +<span>This demonstrates passing an argument to the block and using its return value.</span><br /> +<br /> +<h2 style='display: inline' id='fun-with-data-types'>Fun with Data Types</h2><br /> +<br /> +<span>Ruby's core data types are full of nice little features.</span><br /> +<br /> +<h3 style='display: inline' id='symbols'>Symbols</h3><br /> +<br /> +<span>Symbols are like immutable strings. They are great for keys in hashes because they are unique and memory-efficient.</span><br /> +<br /> +<!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 3.1.9 +by Lorenzo Bettini +http://www.lorenzobettini.it +http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite --> +<pre><i><font color="silver"># Two strings with the same content are different objects</font></i> +p <font color="#808080">"foo"</font>.object_id +p <font color="#808080">"foo"</font>.object_id + +<i><font color="silver"># Two symbols with the same content are the same object</font></i> +p :foo.object_id +p :foo.object_id + +<i><font color="silver"># Modern hash syntax uses symbols as keys</font></i> +my_hash = { name: <font color="#808080">"Paul"</font>, language: <font color="#808080">"Ruby"</font> } +p my_hash[:name] <i><font color="silver"># => "Paul"</font></i> +</pre> +<br /> +<span>This code highlights the difference between strings and symbols and shows the convenient hash syntax.</span><br /> +<br /> +<h3 style='display: inline' id='arrays-and-hashes'>Arrays and Hashes</h3><br /> +<br /> +<span>Arrays and hashes have a rich API. The <span class='inlinecode'>%w</span> and <span class='inlinecode'>%i</span> shortcuts for creating arrays of strings and symbols are very handy.</span><br /> +<br /> +<!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 3.1.9 +by Lorenzo Bettini +http://www.lorenzobettini.it +http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite --> +<pre><i><font color="silver"># Array of strings</font></i> +p %w[one two three] +<i><font color="silver"># => ["one", "two", "three"]</font></i> + +<i><font color="silver"># Array of symbols</font></i> +p %i[one two three] +<i><font color="silver"># => [:one, :two, :three]</font></i> +</pre> +<br /> +<span>A quick way to create arrays. You can also retrieve multiple values at once.</span><br /> +<br /> +<!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 3.1.9 +by Lorenzo Bettini +http://www.lorenzobettini.it +http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite --> +<pre>arr = [<font color="#000000">10</font>, <font color="#000000">20</font>, <font color="#000000">30</font>, <font color="#000000">40</font>, <font color="#000000">50</font>] +p arr.values_at(<font color="#000000">0</font>, <font color="#000000">2</font>, <font color="#000000">4</font>) +<i><font color="silver"># => [10, 30, 50]</font></i> + +hash = { a: <font color="#000000">1</font>, b: <font color="#000000">2</font>, c: <font color="#000000">3</font> } +p hash.values_at(:a, :c) +<i><font color="silver"># => [1, 3]</font></i> +</pre> +<br /> +<span>The <span class='inlinecode'>values_at</span> method is a concise way to get multiple elements.</span><br /> +<br /> +<h2 style='display: inline' id='final-thoughts'>Final Thoughts</h2><br /> +<br /> +<span>These are just a few of the many things I learned from "The Well-Grounded Rubyist". The book gave me a much deeper appreciation for the language and its design. If you are a Ruby programmer, I highly recommend it. Meanwhile, I also read the book "Programming Ruby 3.3", just I didn't have time to process my notes there yet. </span><br /> +<br /> +<span>E-Mail your comments to <span class='inlinecode'>paul@nospam.buetow.org</span> :-)</span><br /> +<br /> +<span>Other Ruby-related posts:</span><br /> +<br /> +<a class='textlink' href='./2021-07-04-the-well-grounded-rubyist.html'>2021-07-04 The Well-Grounded Rubyist</a><br /> +<br /> +<a class='textlink' href='../'>Back to the main site</a><br /> + </div> + </content> + </entry> + <entry> <title>f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Part 7: k3s and first pod deployments</title> <link href="https://foo.zone/gemfeed/2025-10-02-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-7.html" /> <id>https://foo.zone/gemfeed/2025-10-02-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-7.html</id> @@ -14031,145 +14275,4 @@ DC on fire: </div> </content> </entry> - <entry> - <title>Gemtexter 2.1.0 - Let's Gemtext again³</title> - <link href="https://foo.zone/gemfeed/2023-07-21-gemtexter-2.1.0-lets-gemtext-again-3.html" /> - <id>https://foo.zone/gemfeed/2023-07-21-gemtexter-2.1.0-lets-gemtext-again-3.html</id> - <updated>2023-07-21T10:19:31+03:00</updated> - <author> - <name>Paul Buetow aka snonux</name> - <email>paul@dev.buetow.org</email> - </author> - <summary>I proudly announce that I've released Gemtexter version `2.1.0`. What is Gemtexter? It's my minimalist static site generator for Gemini Gemtext, HTML and Markdown, written in GNU Bash.</summary> - <content type="xhtml"> - <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> - <h1 style='display: inline' id='gemtexter-210---let-s-gemtext-again'>Gemtexter 2.1.0 - Let's Gemtext again³</h1><br /> -<br /> -<span class='quote'>Published at 2023-07-21T10:19:31+03:00</span><br /> -<br /> -<span>I proudly announce that I've released Gemtexter version <span class='inlinecode'>2.1.0</span>. What is Gemtexter? It's my minimalist static site generator for Gemini Gemtext, HTML and Markdown, written in GNU Bash.</span><br /> -<br /> -<a class='textlink' href='https://codeberg.org/snonux/gemtexter'>https://codeberg.org/snonux/gemtexter</a><br /> -<br /> -<pre> --=[ typewriters ]=- 1/98 - .-------. - .-------. _|~~ ~~ |_ - _|~~ ~~ |_ .-------. =(_|_______|_) - =(_|_______|_)= _|~~ ~~ |_ |:::::::::| - |:::::::::| =(_|_______|_) |:::::::[]| - |:::::::[]| |:::::::::| |o=======.| - |o=======.| |:::::::[]| `"""""""""` - jgs `"""""""""` |o=======.| - mod. by Paul Buetow `"""""""""` -</pre> -<br /> -<h2 style='display: inline' id='table-of-contents'>Table of Contents</h2><br /> -<br /> -<ul> -<li><a href='#gemtexter-210---let-s-gemtext-again'>Gemtexter 2.1.0 - Let's Gemtext again³</a></li> -<li>⇢ <a href='#why-bash'>Why Bash?</a></li> -<li>⇢ <a href='#switch-to-gpl3-license'>Switch to GPL3 license</a></li> -<li>⇢ <a href='#source-code-highlighting-support'>Source code highlighting support</a></li> -<li>⇢ <a href='#html-exact-variant'>HTML exact variant</a></li> -<li>⇢ <a href='#use-of-hack-webfont-by-default'>Use of Hack webfont by default</a></li> -<li>⇢ <a href='#html-mastodon-verification-support'>HTML Mastodon verification support</a></li> -<li>⇢ <a href='#more'>More</a></li> -</ul><br /> -<h2 style='display: inline' id='why-bash'>Why Bash?</h2><br /> -<br /> -<span>This project is too complex for a Bash script. Writing it in Bash was to try out how maintainable a "larger" Bash script could be. It's still pretty maintainable and helps me try new Bash tricks here and then!</span><br /> -<br /> -<span>Let's list what's new!</span><br /> -<br /> -<h2 style='display: inline' id='switch-to-gpl3-license'>Switch to GPL3 license</h2><br /> -<br /> -<span>Many (almost all) of the tools and commands (GNU Bash, GMU Sed, GNU Date, GNU Grep, GNU Source Highlight) used by <span class='inlinecode'>Gemtexter</span> are licensed under the GPL anyway. So why not use the same? This was an easy switch, as I was the only code contributor so far!</span><br /> -<br /> -<h2 style='display: inline' id='source-code-highlighting-support'>Source code highlighting support</h2><br /> -<br /> -<span>The HTML output now supports source code highlighting, which is pretty neat if your site is about programming. The requirement is to have the <span class='inlinecode'>source-highlight</span> command, which is GNU Source Highlight, to be installed. Once done, you can annotate a bare block with the language to be highlighted. E.g.:</span><br /> -<br /> -<pre> - ```bash - if [ -n "$foo" ]; then - echo "$foo" - fi - ``` -</pre> -<br /> -<span>The result will look like this (you can see the code highlighting only in the Web version, not in the Geminispace version of this site):</span><br /> -<br /> -<!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 3.1.9 -by Lorenzo Bettini -http://www.lorenzobettini.it -http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite --> -<pre><b><u><font color="#000000">if</font></u></b> [ -n <font color="#808080">"$foo"</font> ]; <b><u><font color="#000000">then</font></u></b> - echo <font color="#808080">"$foo"</font> -<b><u><font color="#000000">fi</font></u></b> -</pre> -<br /> -<span>Please run <span class='inlinecode'>source-highlight --lang-list</span> for a list of all supported languages.</span><br /> -<br /> -<h2 style='display: inline' id='html-exact-variant'>HTML exact variant</h2><br /> -<br /> -<span>Gemtexter is there to convert your Gemini Capsule into other formats, such as HTML and Markdown. An HTML exact variant can now be enabled in the <span class='inlinecode'>gemtexter.conf</span> by adding the line <span class='inlinecode'>declare -rx HTML_VARIANT=exact</span>. The HTML/CSS output changed to reflect a more exact Gemtext appearance and to respect the same spacing as you would see in the Geminispace. </span><br /> -<br /> -<h2 style='display: inline' id='use-of-hack-webfont-by-default'>Use of Hack webfont by default</h2><br /> -<br /> -<span>The Hack web font is a typeface designed explicitly for source code. It's a derivative of the Bitstream Vera and DejaVu Mono lineage, but it features many improvements and refinements that make it better suited to reading and writing code.</span><br /> -<br /> -<span>The font has distinctive glyphs for every character, which helps to reduce confusion between similar-looking characters. For example, the characters "0" (zero), "O" (capital o), and "o" (lowercase o), or "1" (one), "l" (lowercase L), and "I" (capital i) all have distinct looks in Hack, making it easier to read and understand code at a glance.</span><br /> -<br /> -<span>Hack is open-source and freely available for use and modification under the MIT License.</span><br /> -<br /> -<h2 style='display: inline' id='html-mastodon-verification-support'>HTML Mastodon verification support</h2><br /> -<br /> -<span>The following link explains how URL verification works in Mastodon:</span><br /> -<br /> -<a class='textlink' href='https://joinmastodon.org/verification'>https://joinmastodon.org/verification</a><br /> -<br /> -<span>So we have to hyperlink to the Mastodon profile to be verified and also to include a <span class='inlinecode'>rel='me'</span> into the tag. In order to do that add this to the <span class='inlinecode'>gemtexter.conf</span> (replace the URI to your Mastodon profile accordingly):</span><br /> -<br /> -<!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 3.1.9 -by Lorenzo Bettini -http://www.lorenzobettini.it -http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite --> -<pre><b><u><font color="#000000">declare</font></u></b> -xr MASTODON_URI=<font color="#808080">'https://fosstodon.org/@snonux'</font> -</pre> -<br /> -<span>and add the following into your <span class='inlinecode'>index.gmi</span>:</span><br /> -<br /> -<pre> -=> https://fosstodon.org/@snonux Me at Mastodon -</pre> -<br /> -<span>The resulting line in the HTML output will be something as follows:</span><br /> -<br /> -<!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 3.1.9 -by Lorenzo Bettini -http://www.lorenzobettini.it -http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite --> -<pre><b><u><font color="#000000"><a</font></u></b> <b><font color="#000000">href</font></b>=<font color="#808080">'https://fosstodon.org/@snonux'</font> <b><font color="#000000">rel</font></b>=<font color="#808080">'me'</font><b><u><font color="#000000">></font></u></b>Me at Mastodon<b><u><font color="#000000"></a></font></u></b> -</pre> -<br /> -<h2 style='display: inline' id='more'>More</h2><br /> -<br /> -<span>Additionally, there were a couple of bug fixes, refactorings and overall improvements in the documentation made. </span><br /> -<br /> -<span>E-Mail your comments to <span class='inlinecode'>paul@nospam.buetow.org</span> :-)</span><br /> -<br /> -<span>Other related posts are:</span><br /> -<br /> -<a class='textlink' href='./2024-10-02-gemtexter-3.0.0-lets-gemtext-again-4.html'>2024-10-02 Gemtexter 3.0.0 - Let's Gemtext again⁴</a><br /> -<a class='textlink' href='./2023-07-21-gemtexter-2.1.0-lets-gemtext-again-3.html'>2023-07-21 Gemtexter 2.1.0 - Let's Gemtext again³ (You are currently reading this)</a><br /> -<a class='textlink' href='./2023-03-25-gemtexter-2.0.0-lets-gemtext-again-2.html'>2023-03-25 Gemtexter 2.0.0 - Let's Gemtext again²</a><br /> -<a class='textlink' href='./2022-08-27-gemtexter-1.1.0-lets-gemtext-again.html'>2022-08-27 Gemtexter 1.1.0 - Let's Gemtext again</a><br /> -<a class='textlink' href='./2021-06-05-gemtexter-one-bash-script-to-rule-it-all.html'>2021-06-05 Gemtexter - One Bash script to rule it all</a><br /> -<a class='textlink' href='./2021-04-24-welcome-to-the-geminispace.html'>2021-04-24 Welcome to the Geminispace</a><br /> -<br /> -<a class='textlink' href='../'>Back to the main site</a><br /> - </div> - </content> - </entry> </feed> diff --git a/gemfeed/index.html b/gemfeed/index.html index bd0c2c77..3ed3dd03 100644 --- a/gemfeed/index.html +++ b/gemfeed/index.html @@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ <br /> <h2 style='display: inline' id='to-be-in-the-zone'>To be in the .zone!</h2><br /> <br /> +<a class='textlink' href='./2025-10-11-the-well-grounded-rubyist-notes.html'>2025-10-11 - Key Takeaways from The Well-Grounded Rubyist</a><br /> <a class='textlink' href='./2025-10-02-f3s-kubernetes-with-freebsd-part-7.html'>2025-10-02 - f3s: Kubernetes with FreeBSD - Part 7: k3s and first pod deployments</a><br /> <a class='textlink' href='./2025-09-14-bash-golf-part-4.html'>2025-09-14 - Bash Golf Part 4</a><br /> <a class='textlink' href='./2025-08-15-random-weird-things-iii.html'>2025-08-15 - Random Weird Things - Part Ⅲ</a><br /> |